闭合循环水产养殖-植物水栽培综合生产系统的工艺设计及运行效果  

The producing effect and technological design for integrated system of closed circulating aquaculture and plant hydroponics

作　　者：谭洪新[1] 刘艳红[2] 朱学宝[3] 罗国芝[3] 周琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]蒙自师范高等专科学校,云南蒙自661100 [3]上海水产大学设施渔业研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《水产学报》2004年第6期689-694,共6页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[农科攻字(2000)第6-10号]

摘　　要：闭合循环水产养殖-植物水栽培综合生产系统主要由鱼类养殖池、蔬菜和花卉水培渠、循环水处理系统构成,是一种新型"养殖-种植-水质净化"生产模式。在上海市青浦区的实践表明:①单位水体红罗非鱼(Tilapiamossambica(♀)×Tilapianilotica(♂))和暗纹东方(Fuguobscurus)的产量分别达到58kg·m-3和12.28kg·m-3,养殖期间,氨氮浓度<1.5mg·L-1,亚硝氮浓度<0.8mg·L-1,DO>5.0mg·L-1;②水栽培蔬菜生长良好,对氨氮、亚硝氮、硝氮、总氮、磷酸盐和COD的最大去除率分别为57.46%、51.72%、3.7%、10.67%、9.72%和21.78%,水培蔬菜渠进水和出水的平均N/P分别为6.60∶1和6.53∶1;③生物过滤器对流经水体的NH+4 N、NO-2 N、COD一次性去除率分别为44.79%、20.31%、20.10%;④泡沫分离—臭氧消毒装置对养殖水体中异养细菌的去除率为93.58%,NH+4 N、NO-2 N的去除率为39.00%、38.10%,能明显提高水体中的pH和DO。The integrated system of closed circulating aquaculture and plant hydroponics was designed, according to the principle of agri-ecological engineering. It includes fish-ponds, vegetable and flower hydroponics trenches, circulating water treatment units. It is a new producing model for aquaculture-crop-water cleansing. The objectives of this study are demonstration of agri-ecological engineering project, and studying the relation of energy flow between aquaculture and plant hydroponics. The results of Qingpu of Shanghai indicate: ①The fish output of red tilapia (Tilapia mossambica (♀)×Tilapia nilotica (♂)) and obscure puffer (Fugu obscurus) is 58 kg·m^(-3), 12.28 kg·m^(-3) respectively, during culturing, concentation of ammonia-N, nitrite-N is respectively <1.5 mg·L^(-1) and <0.8 mg·L^(-1), DO>5.0 mg·L^(-1); ②The hydroponic vegetable has good growth, and its maximal purification rates of ammonia-N, nitrite-N, nitrate-N, total-N, phosphate-P and COD are (57.46%), 51.72%, 3.7%, 10.67%, 9.72% and 21.78% respectively, average N/P ratio of inlet and outlet is 6.60∶1 and 6.53∶1 respectively; ③The biofilter removal rates of NH^+_4-N , NO^-_2-N and COD were (44.79%), 20.31%, 20.10% respectively; ④The foam-separation and ozonic-sterilization device reduced the heterotrophic bacteria number by 93.58%, NH^+_4-N by 39.00%, NO^-_2-N by 38.10% in water through the reacting unit, raised pH and DO in the water through the device.

关 键 词：水产养殖 植物水栽培 工艺设计 

分 类 号：S954[农业科学—水产养殖]