优质晚籼稻产量因素分析及育种应用探讨  

Study on Yield Compositions and Breeding applying of quality late indica rice

作　　者：黄洪河[1] 张海峰[1] 蔡秋华[1] 郑苹立[1] 郑九如[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院稻麦研究所,福建福州350019

出　　处：《福建稻麦科技》2004年第4期7-9,共3页Fujian Science and Technology of Rice and Wheat

摘　　要：对62份优质晚籼稻新品系产量因素进行相关分析和通径分析,结果表明各产量因素与产量均呈正相关,其中穴穗数、结实率和穗长与产量的相关达极显著或显著水平;对产量的净贡献率大小依次为穴穗数(392%)、结实率(2458%)、每穗总粒数(178%)、千粒重(1537%),株高和穗长作用极微弱且为负值。各产量因素间相互制约,相互促进。根据研究结果和育种实践,认为优质晚籼稻高产育种的主攻方向是提高穴穗数、结实率和总粒数;高产(产量在550kg/667m2以上)结构模式应该是有效穗21～23万穗/667m2,每穗总粒数160～175粒,结实率85%～90%,千粒重25～28g。According to the correlation and path analysis of 62 new lines of good-quality late indica rice .A conclusion is drawn that between yield compositions respectively and yield has a positive correlation, especially socket spike, setting percentage and panicle length have a significant positive correlation or positive correlation with yield. The number of socket spike, setting percentage, grains per panicle and 1000 grain weigh which their spike partial contribution rate respectively being 39.2%, 24.58%, 17.8%, 15.37%, but the effect of plant height and panicle length is weak and has a negative value; Between the yield factors has a inter-promotion and inter-restrictions relations. According to the study result and breeding practice, we regard that the effect of socket spike number and stetting percentage is much more than the effect of plant height and panicle length on the quality late indica rice high yield breeding; and the high yield (should be above 550kg/667m2 ) structure pattern is that the number of effective spike, grains per panicle, setting percentage and 1000 grain weigh should be 210000～230000/667m2, 160～175, 85%～90% and 25～28g respectively.

关 键 词：产量因素 结实率 优质 粒数 穴穗数 育种 穗长 晚籼稻 贡献率 相互促进 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]