基因型差异对棉花光合产物生产和分配的影响及遗传改良研究  

Studies on Genetic Improvement and Effects on Production and Distribution of Photosynthate among Different Genotypes of Cotton

作　　者：梁哲军[1] 赵海祯[1] 齐宏立[1] 王玉香[1] 聂安全[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农科院棉花研究所,山西运城044000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2005年第1期18-22,共5页Cotton Science

基　　金：山西省自然基金项目(20031089)

摘　　要：通过研究转双价基因(Cry1Ac+CpTI)、转单价基因(Cry1Ac)抗虫棉以及常规棉三种基因型棉花光合产物生产和积累分配规律表明,三种基因型棉花光合速率峰值均出现在蕾期和花期,但峰值差异不显著。转基因棉花(单价和双价)花前光合产物积累量降低是生物学产量降低的主要原因;花后光合产物输出率提高是转基因棉花维持产量的主要因素。转基因棉花大量花后光合产物束缚在铃壳中导致转基因棉花铃重较低。在转基因棉花育种中应加强花前光合产物积累量和花后光合产物棉铃有效利用率的选择。The genetic improvement and photosynthate characity of different genotypes of cottons were studied in 2001 and 2003 .In this report, the fifteen cotton breeds were divided into three genotypes. The first was DGC(double gene cotton, transgenic Cry1Ac plus CpTI cotton), including sGK321,CCRI 41,CCRI 45,ZGK193,ZGK204.The second was SGC(single gene cotton, transgenic Bt cotton), including Jinmian-26,Jinmian-31,Jinmian-33,CCRI 32,CCRI 35.The last was common cotton(CC)including Jinmian-25,Jinmian-12,CCRI 35,CCRI 12,CCRI 23.The results showed that there were no great differences about max of photosynthesis (Pnmax) among three genotypes cottons. All of these Pnmax appeared in budding and flowering period. The correlation of photosynthesis and yield of cotton was not visible. The main action of photosynthesis for yield of cotton was not directly, it affected biomass of cotton to yield. The distributive rate of accumulation on source and sink organs were different in three genotypes of cotton. The effective utilization ratio (EUR) of photosynthnate accumulated after anthesis(PAAA) was different in three genotypes of cotton, CC was biggest and SGC was smallest. The influence of yield by photosynthnate accumulated before anthesis (PABA) was different in three genotypes of cotton, that was SGC>DGC>CC. The decreasing of biomass of SGC and DGC were mainly due to (PABA) decreased. The output rate of PAAA of SGC and DGC were higher than CC. But more PAAA was storied in the boll shell, which had important effect on increasing boll weight of SGC and DGC. At last, it was suggested that we should pay attention to PABA and boll weight in SGC and DGC breeding selection.

关 键 词：光合产物 转基因棉花 基因型差异 遗传改良 积累量 常规棉 积累分配 生产 单价 产量 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]