豚鼠皮肤试验4种脱毛方法的比较  

Comparing Four Depilation Methods:Waxing, Chemical Depilatory, Wet Shaving and Electrical Clipper Method for Skin Test in Guinea Pigs

作　　者：潘建英[1] 严淑贤[2] 洪新宇[1] 帕它木[1] 沈光祖[1] 金锡鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院皮肤生理毒理研究室,上海200032 [2]复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科,上海200040

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2004年第6期461-463,共3页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]比较上蜡法、硫化钠法、刀剃法和电推剪法4种脱毛方法的优劣,为动物实验脱毛方法的选择提供依据。[方法]比较4种脱毛方法的平均脱毛时间;内眼观察4种方法的脱毛效果并分级评定;在脱毛后2、12、24和72h分别用环钻器取皮,作HE染色,光镜下观察组织病理改变;于脱毛2周后测定豚鼠毛发生长速度。[结果]上蜡法、硫化钠法、刀剃法和电推剪法的脱毛时间依序为(291±61.6)、(240.6±16.1)、(159.6±49.30)和(74.9±11.9)s。脱毛外观分级评定为优的比例依次为50.00％、68.75％、18.75％和0.00％。组织病理观察发现上蜡法与硫化钠法炎症反应均较轻,且2d后即恢复;刀剃法可见中重度炎症反应,3d后可见表皮糜烂;电推剪法脱毛最快,但脱毛不净,几无病理损伤。毛发再生以上蜡法最幔。[结论]上蜡法适用于周期较长的动物实验,硫化钠法适用于一次性脱毛,电推剪法只能用于对脱毛净度要求不高的实验,操作不熟练者应慎用刀剃法。[Objective] In order to give some advice for hair removal in animal experiments,the advantages and disadvantages of four depilation methods(waxing, chemical depilatory(Na2S alcohol solution),wet shaving and electrical clipper)were compared. [Mefrl-Ods] The average consuming time of four methods were recorded. The macrographic observation was carried out after hair removal and the results were graded into 4 levels.Unhaired skin was taken for HE dyeing 2,24,48 and 72 h after hair removal,and 2 weeks later hair regrowth rate was measured. [Results] The average consuming time of waxing, chemical depilatory, wet shaving and electrical clipper were (291±61.6)s,(240.6±16.1)s,(159.6±49.3 )s and (74.9±11.9)s,respectively.In the macrographic observation,the percentages of the excellent level in appearance were 50.00%,68.75%,18.75% and 0.00%,respectively.According to the histopathological changes,light inflammation was found after waxing and chemical depilation,and all disappeared 2 days later, while serious inflammation was aroused by wet shaving and followed of epidermis erosion 3 days later. Little histopathological alteration was observed after the hair removal with electrical clipper.The hair regrowth rate was significantly slower with the method of waxing than with others. [Conclusion] Waxing is suitable for a long-term animal experiment. Hair depilation is suggested to be used for single hair removal,electrical clipper method is fit for those experiments without high unhairing requirement, and novice should be cautious when use the method of wet shaving.

关 键 词：脱毛方法 豚鼠 皮肤试验 炎症反应 组织病理 动物实验 环钻 上蜡 毛效 净度 

分 类 号：R622[医药卫生—整形外科] TS974.1[医药卫生—外科学]