中学教师常见疾病及患病相关因素调查分析  

Survey of Common Diseases of Middle School Teachers and Its Related Factors with Disease

作　　者：王灿[1] 金长山[2] 于柏松[2] 李春泉[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院预防医学系劳动卫生教研室,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]沈阳医学院预防医学系,学生辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《沈阳医学院学报》2004年第4期239-240,共2页Journal of Shenyang Medical College

摘　　要：目的 :了解中学教师健康状况及其相关影响因素。方法 :采用整群抽样的方法 ,随机抽取某区 18所中学 10 16名教师作为研究对象 ,进行问卷调查。结果 :中学教师常见疾病排在前五位的是腰背痛 (31.7% )、咽炎(2 9.7% )、颈椎病 (18.4 % )、痔疮 (16 .6 % )和胃炎或胃溃疡 (13.6 % )。多因素分析结果 ,长时间固定体位是颈椎病、腰背痛、痔疮发病中最主要的危险因素。每日运动≥ 1h与 <1h ,颈椎病患病率 ,χ2 =5 3.71,P <0 .0 0 1;痔疮患病率 ,χ2 =5 4 .4 2 ,P <0 .0 0 1。结论 :中学教师常见疾病主要是与工作有关疾病 ,注意休息 ,加强个人防护意识 ,增加锻炼可有效预防这些疾病发生。Objective: To reveal the health status of middle school teachers and its related factors. Method: Whole group sampling was adopted, and randomly selected 18 middle schools in which 1 016 teachers were the object of the qeustionaire. Results: The top five diseases in middle school teachers were loins and back pains(31.7%), pharyngitis (29.7%), cervical vertebra disease(18.4%), hemorrhoids(16.6%), gastritis or gastric ulcer(13.6%). Multifactorial analysis showed that protracted fixed posture was the major risk factor for cervical vertebra disease, loins and back pains. Prevalence rate of cervical vertebra disease in teachers with different hours of daily exercise (< 1 hr, ≥1 hr)differs significantly (χ2=53.71, P<0.001), and also differ significantly in prevalence rate of hemorrhoids(χ2=54.42, P< 0.001). Conclusion: The common diseases of middle school teachers were related to their work. Paying attention to rest, enhancing personal protection and physical exercise can effectively prevent the occurrence of those diseases.

关 键 词：痔疮 颈椎病 患病率 腰背痛 常见疾病 相关因素 调查分析 中学教师 结论 研究对象 

分 类 号：R681.55[医药卫生—骨科学] G635[医药卫生—外科学]