梅园昆虫群落特征、动态及优势种生态位  

Characteristics,dynamics and niche of insect community in plum orchard.

作　　者：黄保宏[1] 邹运鼎[2] 毕守东[2] 李恒奎[1] 朱巧丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽技术师范学院,凤阳233100 [2]安徽农业大学,合肥230036

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2005年第2期307-312,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学基金项目(2002kj073);安徽技术师范学院青年科研基金资助项目(yqk200008).

摘　　要：系统调查梅园昆虫群落并对群落组织水平和时空生态位进行测定.结果表明,群落结构较丰富,有昆虫6目23科,群落物种数、多样性指数、均匀性指数随时间推移而增加;在害虫中桃蚜和桃小食心虫空间生态位宽度最大,朝鲜球坚蚧时间生态位宽度最大;在天敌中黑缘红瓢虫时间和空间生态位宽度均最大,异色瓢虫、红点唇瓢虫及寄生蜂次之.黑缘红瓢虫与朝鲜球坚蚧的生态位重叠值在时空二维上均较大,且二者在时间上的同步性和空间上的同域性均优于其它天敌,为优势种群,应加以保护和利用.The insect community in plum orchard was investigated on organization level and temporal-spatial niche.The results showed that the insect community was abundant,which included 6 orders,23 families.The individuals of species,diversity indices,and evenness increased with time.Myzus persicae and Asiaarposina sasokii had the widest spatial niche breadth,while Didesmococcus koreauus borchs had the widest temporal niche breadth.Among the natural enemies,Chilocorus rubidus had the widest both temporal and spatial niche breadth.The niche of Chicocorus rubidus and Didesmococcus koreauus overlapped larger than that of the others,which indicated their synchrony in temporal dimension and their similarity in spatial dimension.As the dominant natural enemies,the two populations should be protected and utilized to control plum pest.

关 键 词：昆虫群落 多样性 均匀性 优势度 生态位 梅园 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]