转玉米PEPC基因水稻株系JAAS45的选育路径与技术  

Breeding and Technique of JAAS45 Rice Line Transfered with Maize PEPC Gene

作　　者：李霞[1] 高东迎[1] 迟伟[1] 张云华[1] 周月兰[1] 焦德茂[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业生物遗传生理研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2005年第1期12-16,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G1998010100);国际科技合作重点项目(2002AA217141);江苏省基础研究计划(自然科学基金 )项目 (BK2004429);江苏省农业科学院科研基金(6110419)

摘　　要：连续对转玉米磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPC)基因水稻植株PEPC活性进行测定，选取PEPC为1200μmol／mg·h以上的稳定的转PEPC基因水稻H2代种质(命名为HPTER)为父本，以水稻品种(系)9516为母本，通过杂交获得F1杂种，对其进行花药培养，获得189个再生植株，其中二倍体植株占总株数的65．6％。测定了71个株系的PEPC活性，鉴定出3个株系：H137、H45和H119，其光合效率较对照9516增加18．9％-25．1％，单株产量较对照增加7．1％-29．80%。对H45进行剂量为150Gy、250Gy、300Gy和350Gy的γ射线辐照，选育出生育期与9516相近，重穗、大粒的株系JAAS45。本研究结果证明，通过定向选育的高表达转PEPC基因水稻种质HPTER，采用杂交、花药培养及1射线辐照等方法，可以将玉米PEPC基因快速转移到普通水稻品种中，培育出高光合效率和高产的水稻品系。PEPC transgenic rice H_7 lines with a more than (1 200 μmol/mg·h) PEPC activity had been screened out as HPTER lines by measuring PEPC activity of their leaves continuously for 4 generations. HPTER was used as a male parent to cross with a common rice cultivar 9516, and the anther of the F_1 hybrids were cultured. In the 189 regenerated plants obtained from anther culture, diploid plants constituted the majority of 65.6%. Then the activity of PEPC was tested in 71 diploid lines. The results showed that the number of the lines with low PEPC activity (<(100 μmol/mg·h)) was 4.3 times as much as that of the lines with high PEPC activity (≥(200 μmol/mg·h)), indicating a segregation distortion of PEPC ac-tivity in the anther cultures. Three lines were identified from 71 lines tested as H137,H119 and H45. It was also found that the photosynthetic efficiency and the yield per plant of these 3 lines were respectively 18.9%—25.1% and 7.7%—29.8% higher than the control 9516. Sequentially, H45 lines were radiated by γ rays with the doses of (150 Gy)、(250 Gy)、(300 Gy) and (350 Gy).JAAS45 lines were obtained with both similar growth stage as 9516 and similar yield as H45. This suggested that PEPC transgenic rice can be utilized in quickly transferring the maize PEPC gene into the rice genome by the combined techniques such as hybrid, anther culture,γ ray radiation and PEPC activity, and also useful in the breeding of new rice cultivars with high photosynthetic efficiency and high yield.

关 键 词：株系 水稻 选育 玉米 种质 光合效率 花药培养 基因 对照 高表达 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S513