钩端螺旋体在不同水体中的存活及其消毒  

SURVIVAL OF LEPTOSPIRA INTERROGANS IN DIFFERENT TYPE OF WATERS AND ITS DISINFECTION

作　　者：唐雨德[1] 陈永红[1] 周东明[1] 郁兴明[1] 陶开华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区军事医学研究所军队卫生学研究室,南京210002

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2005年第1期8-10,共3页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：全军"十五"医学计划课题项目 (No.0 1L0 0 6)

摘　　要：目的了解钩端螺旋体在不同自然水体中的存活时间 ,并研究含氯消毒剂杀灭钩体及其影响因素。方法将培养的钩体掺入不同自然水体 ,同步观察钩体在不同条件下的存活时间。应用悬液定量杀菌实验观察含氯消毒剂对钩端螺旋体的杀灭作用及温度、pH值、有机物对其杀灭的影响。结果钩体在自来水、长江水、稻田水、小溪水、家畜粪便污染的池塘水、玄武湖水、秦淮河水的存活时间与水中杂菌、水温、光照和有机物的含量有关。 15℃避光时的存活时间分别为 5、10、2 0、30、5、3、1d。含氯消毒剂杀灭钩端螺旋体的作用与有机物和杂菌的含量有关 ,在 30min内完全杀灭钩体 ,其有效氯浓度在自来水、长江水、稻田水、小溪水、家畜粪便污染的池塘水、玄武湖水、秦淮河水分别为 1.0、5 .0、5 .0、2 .0、30、4 0、4 0mg·L 1。结论钩体在自然水体中存活时间不一 ,杂菌、水温、光照与有机物有明显影响 ;含氯消毒剂可有效杀灭水中钩端螺旋体 ,水中生物与理化特性可影响杀菌效果。Objective To understand the survival time of Leptospira Interrogans in different type of natural waters, and the disinfection effect of chlorine-containing disinfectant and its affecting factors. Methods The cultured leptospira were added into different type of natural waters,the survival time was observed. Carrier quantitative germicidal efficacy test was carried out to observe disinfection effect of chlorine-containing disinfectant on L Interrogans, and the effects of temperature, pH, and organic substances on disinfection. Results The survival time of leptospira had relations with noisy bacteria,temperature, light and organic substances. At 15 ℃ and avoiding light, the survival time was 5,10,20, 30,5, 3, 1 day respectively in the water from tap-water, the Yangtse River,rice field, brook,pool polluted by animal faeces, Xuanwu Lake and Qinghuai River.The disinfective effects of chlorine-containing disinfectant were related with the contents of organic substances and noisy bacteria. The available chlorine concentrations for killing all the leptospira in 30 min in the water from tap-water, the Yangtse River,rice field、brook,pool polluted by animal feces,Xuanwu lake,Qinghuai river, and brook were 1.0,5.0,5.0,2.0,30,40 and 40 mg·L -1 respectively. Conclusion The survival time of Leptospira Interrogans is different in various natural waters,and is affected obviously by noisy bacteria, temperature, light and organic substances. Chlorine-containing disinfectant can effectively kill leptospira ,but the biological and physicochemical properties of waters may affect the disinfection effect.

关 键 词：钩端螺旋体 水体 存活时间 含氯消毒剂 消毒 

分 类 号：R377.5[医药卫生—病原生物学]