下凹地形下采空区处理方案的相似模拟研究  

SIMILARITY SIMULATION OF DISPOSAL SCHEME FOR ABANDONED STOPE UNDER THE SUNKEN TOPOGRAPHY

作　　者：李俊平[1] 周创兵[1] 李向阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水利水电学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2005年第4期581-586,共6页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(50239070)

摘　　要：木架山露天开采结束后,形成了下凹地形。非法开采在井下形成了3.75×105 m2的采空区。为了避免冲击地压隐患,防止非法采矿,提出用矿柱崩落法处理木架山143#剖面附近的采空区。由于有限元适用于弹塑性介质,不能确定垮落角和移动角。借助相似模拟试验,研究了顶板自然垮落的最小跨度、移动角和垮落角。研究表明:应用110 m的极限跨度可确保含磷白云岩及白云岩顶板自然塌落,处理之后地表岩体移动不明显。若全部崩倒上部大矿柱,顶板跨度将达到140 m,会导致78°与65°的垮落角,地表移动角达64.4°。相似模拟的极限跨度介于有限元与本文所给公式之间所得结果。The sunken topography was formed after opencast working was finished in Mujia Hill, and 375000 m2 continuous and gently inclined abandoned slopes were formed because of illegal mining. To prevent illegal mining and the potential danger of air shock wave resulted from sudden roof caving, it is proposed that the abandoned slope near 143 section in Mujia Hill be disposed by ore-pillar dilapidation. Caving angle and displacement angle can't be determined by FEM for it is applicable lo elastic and plastic medium. So the minimal uncontrolled roof-fall span, displacement angle and caving angle are studied by similarity simulation. The results show when the minimal roof span of 110 m is adopted, uncontrolled collapse of phosphorus dolomite roof and dolomite roof can be guaranteed, and surface subsidence and rock movement are not notable. If the big ore pillar of upside is entirely dilapidated, roof span will arrive at 140 m, caving angle of 78° and 65° will be caused, respectively, and displacement angle will arrive at 64.4°. Limit span determined by similarity simulation is between that by FEM and that by the formula proposed in the paper.

关 键 词：采矿工程 采空区处理 矿柱崩落 移动角 垮落角 有限元 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]