岩浆玻璃相和工业硅酸盐玻璃相的结构和应用研究  

A STUDY OF MOLECULAR NETWORK STRUCTURE IN MAGMATIC GLASSES PHASES AND INDUSTRY SILICATES GLASSES PHASES AND IT/S APPLICATION

作　　者：徐培苍[1] 魏文中[1] 李如璧[1] 王永强[1] 张晓云[1] 杨兴华[1] 周万城[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院西安地质矿产研究所,西安冶金建筑学院,西北工业大学,西安,710054,710055,710069

出　　处：《西北地质科学》1993年第1期63-120,共58页Northwest Geoscience

摘　　要：采用电子探针、拉曼探针、x衍射和高温高压试验等手段对火山岩和超基性岩岩浆包裹体、珍珠岩、黑曜岩、绝热SiO_2纤维、锆铝硅耐火材料和人工合成硅酸盐中玻璃相的成分、分子网络结构、断键程度,径向分布函数、Si-O键长和Si-O-Si键角等进行了系统研究并获得下列结论: 1)无论是地质体玻璃相还是工业硅酸盐玻璃相,其分子网络结构都是由单体[SiO_4]、二聚体[Si_2O_7]、环与链[SiO_3]、层[Si_2O_5]、架[Al Si_3O_8]和纯架状[SiO_2]6种网络单元所组成。 2)建立了在1μm^2范围内测量玻璃相网络类型和断键程度的拉曼微探针法。对国际上有争议的非晶玻相网络结构理论提出了新的模式和研究方法。 3)对含铬超基性岩岩浆包裹体的研究发现,强结晶化和半结晶化的岩浆玻璃包裹体是钠长石质玻璃相,以层状和架状网络为主,对应于铬尖晶石结晶的早期,而弱结晶化的岩浆玻璃包裹体是绿泥石质玻璃相,以层状和链状网络为主,架状网络为次,形成于铬尖晶石结晶的晚期。显而易见,对玻璃相分子网络结构的研究有助于重溯天然岩浆结晶和演化的物理化学历史,对研究矿藏的生成条件和提高工业硅酸盐材料的性能具有重要的意义。In this paper, the component, crystal structure, molecular network structure, degree of broken bond, radial distribution function, Si-O bond length and Si-O-Si bond angles of glasses phases in the magmatic inclusion of vocanic rock and ultrabasic rock, pearlite, obsidian, heat-insulating fible of SiO_2, Zr-Al-Si series refractory materials and synthetical silicate have been studied by electron probe, laser Raman molecular microprobe, X-ray diffractometer and high tempereture and high pressure experiment erc. Then obtained conclusions as follows: 1. No matter what glasses phases of geological body or silicates glasses phases in industry material, the molecular network structure is consisted of six models. They are Monomer[SiO_4], Dimer [Si_2O_7], Ring and Chain [SiO_3], Sheet [Si_2O_5], Frame network [AlSi_3O_3] and pure frame network [SiO_2]. 2. The Raman microprobe method measuring glasses network types and degree of broken bond in 1μm^2 glasses have been set up. Therefore this paper put forward new theoretical models and studying method for disputing noncrystal glasses network structure realm on world. 3. The character of magmatic inclusions in chromite-bearing ultrabasic rock body have been studied and discovered that: Intensively crystallized & half crystallized magmatic glasses inclusion are albitic glass and composed chiefly of sheet and frame networks with a few chain network. They formed at the early stage of the chrome-spinel crystallization. Slightly crystallized magmatic glasses inclusion is chloritic glass and consist mainly of sheet & chain networks and secondly of frame network. It formed at the late stage of the chrome-spinel crystallization. Obviously, a study of molecular network structure in glasses phases is conducive to reappear physical-chemical history of natural magmatic crystallization and development. This has important significance for inverstigating forming-ore conditions and enhancing performance of industry silicate materials.

关 键 词：分子 网络结构 硅酸盐 玻璃相 岩浆 

分 类 号：P586[天文地球—岩石学]