泥炭和风化煤对盐碱土的改良效应  

Ameliorative effects of peat and weathered coal on saline-alkali soil

作　　者：陈伏生[1] 曾德慧[1] 王桂荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

出　　处：《辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第6期861-864,共4页Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science)

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目(2002BA517A11-5);内蒙古自治区科技攻关课题(20010103);中国科学院沈阳应用生态领域前沿研究基金资助项目(SLYQY0409)

摘　　要：利用盆栽试验,以作为水稻为例,对泥炭和风化煤改良盐碱土的效应进行分析。结果表明:施入泥炭和风化煤的盐碱土,由于改良剂具有提高土壤孔隙度、降低 pH 值、激活离子、增加养分和增强酶生物学活性等作用,水稻分蘖期、拔节期、 结实期的根系活力明显提高;出穗期和出穗 2 周时茎液流速度显著增大;收获时分蘖数,饱满率、千粒重、株高、穗长、稻草重、谷粒重和根重都有不同程度的提高。为泥炭和风化煤作为盐碱地改良剂的广泛应用提供科学依据,对盐碱土的农业生产和生态环境治理有指导意义。Effects of peat and weathered coal on saline-alkali soil were studied in pot experiment using rice crop for two years in daqinggou sandy land ecological experimental Station,institute of applied ecology of the Chinese academy of Sciences.Results showed that both of peat and weathered coal could improve soil porosity,nutrients,and enzyme activity,decrease pH of soil and lead to ionic activation.The treatment adding ameliorant enhanced activity of root system during three key phonological phases (tillering,elongating and milking stages of rice), increased stem bleeding rates during two major phonological phases (spiking and two weeks after spiking),and improved the rice growth and biological properties (the numbers of effective tillers and filled grain per spikelet,1000-grain weight,plant height,spike length,straw weight,grain weight and root weight).Our results would provide a scientific basis for further application of peat and weathered coal on saline-alkali soil amelioration and guidance for agricultural production and environmental improvement in the saline-alkali soil region of northeasterm China.

关 键 词：盐碱土 泥炭 风化煤 环境治理 资源利用 

分 类 号：S156.64[农业科学—土壤学]