沙尘暴常规观测资料中若干问题的解析  

ANALYSIS ON SEVERAL PROBLEMS IN CONVENTIONAL OBSERVATION DATA OF DUST STORMS

作　　者：周自江[1] 艾(子兑)秀[2] 张洪政[1] 安炜[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象信息中心,北京100081 [2]国家气候中心,北京100081 [3]山西省气候中心,太原030002

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2004年第B12期60-67,共8页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台工作项目"气象资料共享系统建设"国家自然科学基金项目(40305008)国家气象中心项目(ZK2002B-20和SCYJ-05)共同资助。

摘　　要：沙尘暴常规观测资料主要来自地面气象观测系统,是揭示沙尘暴的时空分布特征和变化规律的重要基础,其内在属性明显地受到地面气象观测规范和统计规范的制约,而且同样明显地受到两个规范变革的影响,但是这些问题在以往的沙尘暴研究中没有引起足够的重视,常常被忽视掉了,因此最终形成了一些似是而非的认识。该文从中国沙尘暴的观测规范和统计规范入手,探讨了其变革对沙尘暴内在统计特征的影响。另外,文章还分析了沙尘暴与其他沙尘天气的同日出现问题,以及沙尘暴资料时间序列的统计分布特征。The conventional observation data on dust storms, mainly from surface-based meteorological observing system, is the important basis for the study of temporal and spatial distribution as well as the changing law of dust storms. The data obviously are influenced by the criterion for surface-based meteorological observation and the statistical methods, and by the changes of the criterion in the two aspects. However, these problems are not given full attention, even often neglected, which results in some ambiguous understandings. The influence of the observational and statistical criteria change of dust storms in China, on the internal statistical features of dust storms are explored. Besides, the issue of the co-occurrence of dust storms and other dusty weather on the same day as well as the statistical distribution of the time series on dust storms data are also analyzed.

关 键 词：沙尘暴 地面气象观测 观测资料 观测规范 沙尘天气 时空分布特征 统计特征 忽视 常规 影响 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]