发达国家城郊生态村发展模式分析  

The development of eco-village in developed countries and its enlightenment to China

作　　者：刘鬯[1] 张军连[1] 吴文良[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094

出　　处：《生态经济》2005年第2期43-46,68,共5页Ecological Economy

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金"京郊生态村理想模式演进机理研究"项目;北京市科委科研项目(H020620260890)资助。

摘　　要：鉴于城市人口膨胀、不可再生资源的过度消耗、生态环境恶化等诸多原因,发达国家从20世纪90年代开始研究和建设生态村。欧美国家大部分人口居住在城市,为了吸引城市居民到郊区居住,通过“全球生态村运动”,在城市郊区兴建生态村。其生态村注重居住功能,生态建筑与生态技术已经标准化、集成化;在日本,城市化导致了农业的衰落,因此,其生态村发展不仅强调城乡的交融,更强调农村的复兴。本文通过对欧美、日本等发达国家大城市郊区生态村发展的背景和主要模式以及生态建筑和生态技术的应用等方面的分析和比较,探讨其对我国生态村发展的启示。In the 1990’s, the developed countries began to study and set up eco-villages due to the issues onover-expanded population in cities, exhausted non-renewable resources and worsen eco-environment. The eco-villages of European and North American countries are mainly designed for urban residents who are willing to livein suburb. There are advanced green houses and eco-technologies in the eco-villages. As for Japan, besides thefunction of inhabitation for urban residents, the eco-villages are set up as a solution for reviving rural area at thesame time. This paper analyses the background, main models, and technologies of green house of eco-village indeveloped countries. Furthermore, its enlightenment to China is given.

关 键 词：发达国家 生态村 发展模式 大城市郊区 不可再生资源 城郊 居住功能 生态建筑 生态技术 兴建 

分 类 号：F326.13[经济管理—产业经济] TU-023[建筑科学—建筑理论]