寰椎椎弓和枢椎椎板的应用解剖  

Applied anatomy of posterior arch of atlas and lamina of axis

作　　者：徐瑞生[1] 王立邦[1] 王刊石[1] 沈小松[1] 丁涛[1] 吴洁石[1] 王雪松[1] 包聚良[2] 

机构地区：[1]无锡市第三人民医院骨科,无锡214041 [2]上海长征医院骨科

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2005年第1期65-66,86,共3页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：目的 :为颈后路寰枢椎钛缆固定术和相关器械设计提供解剖学依据。方法 :在 10 0例中国成人干燥标本上 ,观察寰椎后弓和枢椎椎板的形态学特点并进行解剖学测量。结果 :(1)寰椎后弓较纤弱 ,上面与椎管不平行 ,从后上方向内下方倾斜 ;(2 )枢椎椎板较粗大 ,上窄下宽 ,内面基本平行椎管 ,内面下缘多形成一骨嵴。结论 :(1)寰椎后弓和枢椎椎板穿绕钛缆时宜自上向下操作 ,为方便操作 ,可以咬除部分枢椎椎板上缘 ;(2 )设计枢椎椎板穿绕钛缆的引导器械时需考虑到其内面的骨嵴。Objective: To provide anatomical basis for the operation of upper cervical posterior fixation with Atlas titanium cable and the related devices design. Methods: The posterior arch of atlas and the lamina of axis were measured and their morphological characteristics were observed in 100 sets of adult dry specimens. Results: (1)The posterior arch of atlas was thin with a fan-shape section, whose superior surface was not parallel to the spinal canal but descended from superoposterior to medioinferior; (2)The lamina of axis was stronger and thicker, with a vertical inner surface and a ridge near its lower edge. Conclusion: (1) During the operation of the upper cervical posterior fixation with Atlas titanium cable, it should be rolled from superior downwards through the posterior arch of atlas or lamina of axis; (2)The ridge of axis lamina should be considered when the special device is designed to lead the titanium cable through axis lamina.

关 键 词：椎板 枢椎 寰椎 后弓 椎管 椎弓 应用解剖 平行 结论 引导 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]