中国普通野生稻的分类学问题探讨  

ON TAXONOMY OF CHINESE COMMON WILD RICE

作　　者：李道远[1] 陈成斌 

机构地区：[1]广西农科院作物品种资源研究所,南宁630007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1993年第1期1-6,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：从特征特性及后代分离观察、同功酶测定和原分布地考察五个方面对中国普通野生稻分类学问题进行了探讨。按国际水稻研究所的标准对普通野生稻740个编号进行特征特性观察,可分为11个类型。类型1和类型2的分类学特征特性与张德慈博士1976年分类的O.rufipogon Griff十分相似,类型3～11则介于野生稻与栽培稻之间。对普通野生稻364个编号,对照材料(包括广西栽培稻)406个编号,以及来源于外国的AA染色体组的4个野生稻种共5个编号,进行了酯酶同工酶测定,类型1和类型2大部分具有1.2.4.7A酶谱类型,类型3～11的酶谱含有1～3条栽培稻特有酶带。对原分布地考察表明:只有少数远离稻田的分布点,群体结构较纯。以上结果表明:中国普通野生稻仅有一个种,可分为两个生态类型。O.rufipogonGriff这个学名适用于中国普通野生稻。For taxonomic study of Chinese common wild rice, 740 entries of Chinese common wild rice from Guengxi, Jiangxi and Hunan provinces in morphological character, progeny segregation and habitat exploration had been investigated. The Taxonomic characters were observed and recorded with the standard of IRRI.These entries could be divided into 11 types according to the observed result.Taxonomic characters of Type 1 (perennial prostrate form) and Type 2 (perennial declinational form) were similar to that of O. rufipogon Griff ( T. T. Chang, 1976). Morphological characters of type 3~11 were between wild and cultivated rice. 364 Chinese common wild rice, 406 Check materials of cultivated rice and 5 wild rice begonging to four wild species with genome AA were analyzed in esterase isoenzyme. Most of Type 1 and Type 2 were with zymogram pattern 1.2.4.7A which differed from other species, natural hybrid types and cultivated rice. Zymogram pattern of Type 3~11 contained 1~3 bands of cultivated rice. Explotation of habitats showed that only a few populations of wild rice were far from rice field and posses high homogeneity and typical taxonomic character. Study result provided that these entries of Chinese common wild rice belongs to one species and could be divided into two ecological types-perennial prostrate type and perennial declinalional type. The scien-tificname O. rufipogon Giff is suitable to Chinese common wild rice.

关 键 词：普通野生稻 分类学 酶谱 生态型 

分 类 号：S511.902.3[农业科学—作物学]