青藏高原东北侧冰雹微物理过程模拟研究  

Simulating Study on Hail Microphysical Process on the Northeastern Side of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and Its Neighbourhood

作　　者：康凤琴[1] 张强[1] 渠永兴[1] 冀兰芝[1] 郭学良[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《高原气象》2004年第6期735-742,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项"西北地区人工防雹消雹技术"项目(2002DIB10046);干旱气象科学研究基金项目"冰雹微物理过程的数值模拟研究"共同资助

摘　　要：以青藏高原东北侧及毗邻地区诱发冰雹灾害的东移短小切变线天气过程为研究背景,采用中国科学院大气物理研究所三维冰雹云分档模式,用MM5V3中尺度气象模式提供冰雹云模拟研究所需的环境大气状况,模拟研究了冰雹形成和增长的微物理过程。结果表明:模式再现了当时冰雹、大风及暴雨的实况;中尺度水分和动力条件是冰雹形成和增长的重要因素,它们决定了冰雹云的强度和冰雹的大小;冰雹形成和增长过程中的微物理过程决定了冰雹云的消亡,冰雹在空中形成的潜热释放延长了降雹的时间;云中冰雹发生、增长的主要区域和云内上升气流配合良好,是防雹消雹的主要范围。As a study backgroundof the shear wave moving eastward inducing hailstorm frequently on the northeastern border of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its neighbourhood, the formation and growth of hail storm are simulated by using a 3D cloud model with hail-bin microphysics developed by Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the large scale circulationinformation obtained from MM5V3 model. The results show that 1 the model can reappear hail, gale and rain storm events as real; 2 meso-scale humid and dynamicalbeing an important factors determine the hailstorm intensity and hails size; 3 the microphysical processes during the formation and growth of hail determine the hail cloud disappearance, the latent heat discharging over ground postpones hail shooting; 4the region of formation and growth of hail in hail cloud is in agreementwith the intersection of upwards air flow and downwards air flow, where is the main region to put hail embryo for hail supression.

关 键 词：冰雹云 微物理过程 中尺度 青藏高原 大气物理 冰雹灾害 潜热释放 东北 重要因素 模式 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P426