小儿头皮静脉针抽血法的临床研究  

Clinical Study of the Method of Infantile Scalp Intravenous Needle Hemospasia

作　　者：董晓燕[1] 谢忠美[1] 孙芳君[1] 

机构地区：[1]临沂市中医医院,山东临沂276002

出　　处：《实用医技杂志》2005年第01B期240-242,共3页Journal of Practical Medical Techniques

摘　　要：目的:为改善患儿采集血标本的操作难度,减轻患儿的痛苦,杜绝并发症的发生,探讨简便安全、快速有效、一次穿刺成功率高的抽血标本法,使患儿及家长能够接受,满意度高。方法:将临床上采取血标本的患儿随机分为观察组与对照组。观察组10 0例,行临床上常用的5 ml无菌注射器抽取血标本法(以后称旧法抽血法)。对照组10 0例,行小儿头皮静脉针抽血法。两组患儿在留取血标本时对一次穿刺成功率、操作难易程度、有无并发症发生、患儿及家长的心理状态,以及患儿及家长的接受程度等方面进行了比较,并随访了患儿家长,通过对两组患儿各种情况下的数据对比分析,经统计学处理P<0 .0 1,差异有显著性。结论:小儿头皮静脉针抽血法具有操作简便安全、抽血一次穿刺成功率高,选择的血管范围广,并发症少,适应患儿及家长的心理需求,患儿及家长易于接受。Objective To improve the operative difficulty in collecting the blood specimen of the sick children,to reduce their pain,to put an eng to the accurrence of complication and to proke into a simple,safe,quick and effective way of collecting the blood specimen with high rate of success of first puncture,which could be accepted satisfactorily by both the sick children and their parents.Methods The sick children inclinics,whose blood specimen would be collected were randomly divided into both obsevation group and contrast group.The method of collection blood specimen was carried out on the 100 cases of sick children in the observation group with sterile syringe of 5cc while the method of infantile scalp intravenous needle hemospasia was carried out on the other 100 cases of sick children in the contrast group.Comparisons were made between the two groups after reserving their collected blood specimen in the rate of success of their first puncture,the degree of operative difficulty or easiness,having complication or not,the psychological states of both sick children and their parents and also the psychological acceptance of both sick children and their parents and then a follow-up survey was made of both the sick children and their parents.Results A remarkable difference(P<0.01)was shown between the sick children in both observation group and contrast group in their contrast analysis of data made under various conditions.Conclusions The method of infantile scalp intravenous needle hemospasia could have the advantages of being simple,safe and easily operative,of high rate of success with first hemospatstic puncture,of wider range of choice for blood vessel,of less complication,could adapt to the psychological acceptance of both sick children and their parents and could be easily accepted.

关 键 词：小儿头皮静脉针 抽血法 临床研究 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]