重庆市烟区土壤-烤烟氯素含量及其变化研究  

Study on Content of Chlorine in Soil and Tobacco Leaves and Its Change Feature in Chongqing Tobacco Planting Areas

作　　者：关博谦[1] 石孝均[1] 霍沁建[1] 许安定 吴跃明 

机构地区：[1]西南农业大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]重庆市烟草公司,重庆400011

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2005年第1期89-92,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：重庆市科委攻关项目(2002-7334)资助;国家基础研究重大项目"973"前期研究专项(2001CCB00800)

摘　　要：采用调查研究、田间试验和室内分析相结合的方法,对重庆市烟区土壤、烟叶含氯量进行了研究;根据调查结果,于2002～2003年进行了不同施氯量的田间试验,研究了氯在土壤中的残留及动态变化。结果表明:重庆植烟土壤含氯量低,平均为13.4mg/kg,变幅大(为痕量～99.7mg/kg),有90%的土壤含氯量在烟草种植区划规定的最适宜植烟的土壤含氯量(≤30mg/kg)范围内,土壤含氯量>45mg/kg不适宜烟草种植的土壤样本仅占3.7%,土壤含氯量≤2mg/kg的缺氯土壤样本占19.2%。重庆植烟土壤类型主要是黄壤,占植烟土壤的75.6%。重庆市烟叶含氯量很低,平均为0.70g/kg,变幅0.11～9.19g/kg,有99%的烟叶含氯量低于优质烟叶要求的含氯下限(3.0g/kg),烟叶含氯量低已成为影响烟叶质量的限制因素。2003年的调查结果与1988年相比,15年后烟区土壤含氯量降低了5mg/kg,烟叶含氯量下降60.0%。在一定的施氯量范围内,氯在土壤中的残留量及其动态变化主要受降雨量和降雨强度的影响。The contents of chlorine in tobacco-planting soils and tobacco leaves, as well as the changes of chlorine content and the residual amount of chlorine in soil were studied by investigation, field experiments and laboratory analysis in Chongqing. The results of investigation indicated that the average content of chlorine in various tobacco-planting soils was 13.4mg/kg with the range of trace to 99.7 mg/kg in Chongqing. The chlorine contents in (90%) of the soil samples were lower than 30 mg/kg, which was very fit for tobacco planting. The chlorine contents in 3.7% of the soils were more than 45 mg/kg and were not fit for tobacco planting according to the Handbook of Tobacco Planting Division. However, the chlorine contents in some soils were less than 2mg/kg that were in 19.2% of the soils in the investigation regions, the chlorine was deficient. The content of chlorine in tobacco leaves was very low, which average content was 0.7 g/kg with the range of 0.11 g/kg to 9.19g/kg in Chongqing. The chlorine contents in 99% of the leaves samples were lower than 3.0 mg/kg, which was the lower limit that demand of high quality tobacco leaves. Compare with the results in 1988, the average content of chlorine in tobacco-planting soils was decreased for 5 mg/kg and in tobacco leaves was reduced for 60.0%. The residual and leach amount of chlorine in soil was affect by the amount and intensity of rainfall.

关 键 词：植烟土壤 烟区 含氯 烟叶 草种植 施氯量 烤烟 痕量 区划 残留 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S858.305.3[农业科学—作物学]