地形起伏对GPS工程控制网高程异常的影响  

The Affection of the Rugged Topography on the Height Anomaly of GPS Engineering Control Network

作　　者：张同刚[1] 岑敏仪[1] 冯义从[1] 路伯祥[1] 卢建康[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院地理信息工程中心,四川成都610031 [2]铁道第二勘察设计院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2005年第1期79-83,共5页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40271092)

摘　　要：高程异常ζ由短波分量ζT和中长波分量ζg组成。ζT受地形起伏影响显著,特别是在山区和高山区,变化较大,而ζg的变化则相对比较平缓。利用DEM计算GPS控制点的ζT,再结合移除 恢复技术,可以显著提高局部地区的GPS大地高转换为正常高的精度。本文就其核心问题的ζT计算进行了深入研究,导出了连续型积分计算公式;分别试验了平原、丘陵和高山地区在不同积分范围和不同参考面高程对ζT计算结果的影响,并分析了这些因素对GPS大地高转化为正常高的影响特点,由此得出一些有益的结论。The height anomaly can be separated into two components,ζ_T , the short wavelength component and ζ_g, the medium and long wavelength one. ζ_T varies with topography greatly, especially in the mountain and high mountain areas, while ζ_g is relatively smoother. The accuracy of height transformation of the GPS height can be improved greatly in local mountain areas by employing the remove-and-recover technique after ζ_T of each GPS point calculated using DEM. We carefully study the kernel question, which is the calculation of the height anomaly caused by the rugged topography, and educe a continuous integral formula. Then, a series of experiments are designed for studying and analyzing the affection of scope of DEM involved in the integral process and the selection of the reference height. All of the experiments are performed in the plain, hill and mountain areas respectively. After analysis of the results, some helpful conclusions are drawn from these tests.

关 键 词：高程异常 正常高 全球定位系统 数字高程模型 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]