胸段硬膜外麻醉复合全麻对开胸单肺通气患者氧代谢的影响  

Effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia on systemic oxygen supply-demand relationship during one-lung ventilation

作　　者：冯艺[1] 孙颖[1] 杨拔贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院麻醉科,100044

出　　处：《中华麻醉学杂志》2004年第10期741-744,共4页Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology

摘　　要：目的 通过比较吸入全身麻醉和吸入全麻复合胸段硬膜外麻醉对开胸手术的血液动力学和血气分析的变化,探讨硬膜外麻醉对全身氧代谢的影响。方法 20例因食管癌需开胸单肺通气手术患者,根据麻醉方法的不同随机分为异氟醚吸入全麻组(GI组)和异氟醚吸入复合硬膜外组(GIE组)。每组各10例。GI组采用异氟醚/芬太尼/维库溴铵麻醉。GIE组采用异氟醚/维库溴铵/胸部硬膜外0.5％罗哌卡因麻醉。连续监测平均动脉压(MAP)、心排指数(CI)、心率(HR)、中心静脉压(CVP)、外周血管阻力(SVRI)。分别于清醒时,侧卧双肺通气30 min,单肺通气15、30、60和120 min,侧卧再次双肺通气30 min抽取动脉,混合静脉血血样,测定血气,并计算氧供(DO2)、氧耗(VO2),以及氧供氧耗比(DO2/VO2)。结果 GIE组MAP低于GI组(P<0.05),SVRI不但低于GI组,也低于基础值(p<0.05)。单肺通气后30、60、120 min两组CI均高于基础值(P<0.05),GIE组各时间点CI与GI组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。两组各时间点DO2差异无显著性(P>0.05)。单肺通气15、30和60min时GIE组SvO2明显低于GI组(P<0.05),而VO2明显高于GI组(P<0.05),同时DO2/VO2明显低于GI组(P<0.05)。结论 以单纯全麻相比,胸段硬膜外联合全麻可能会使单肺通气早期全身氧耗增加,DO2/VO2降低。Objective To assess the influence of upper thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) on systemic oxygen supply-demand relationship during one-lung ventilation (OLV). Methods Twenty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients undergoing elective esophageal surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups : group Ⅰ general anesthesia (GI n = 10) and group Ⅱ combined general-epidural anesthesia (GIE n = 10). In both groups anesthesia was induced with propofol 1.5-2.0 mg·kg-1, fentanyl 3 μg·kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg·kg-1. The patients were intubated with double-lumen catheter. Correct positioning was verified by auscultation and fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane (1.5-2.0% ) and intermittent i. v. boluses of fentanyl. BIS was maintained at 45-55 during operation. In GIE group epidural puncture was performed at T7-8 or T8-9. The catheter was advanced 3.5-4.0 ml in the epidural space cephalad. 0.5% ropivacaine was infused at 3-5 ml·h-1 during operation. Anesthetic block levels ranged from T2-4 to T10-12 . Radial artery was cannulated for BP monitoring and blood sampling and Swan-Ganz catheter was positioned in the pulmonary artery via right internal jugular vein. ECG, MAP, HR, CVP, continuous cardiac output index (CCI) and BIS were continuously monitored during anesthesia. Arterial and mixed venous blood samples were obtained before induction of anesthesia (T0 ), 30 min after intubation while two lungs were being ventilated (T1) at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min of OLV (T2-3) and 30 min after TLV was resumed (T6 ) . MAP, CVP, cardiac output index (CI) and arterial and mixed venous blood oxygen content were measured and oxygen supply (DO2) and consumption (VO2) were calculated at each time point. Results In GIE group MAP was significantly lower than that in GI group ( P < 0.05) and SVRI was significantly lower not only than that in GI group but also than baseline value (P< 0.05). CI was significantly higher at 30, 60 and 120 min of OLV (T3_5 ) than the baseline values in both groups (P< 0.05), but there was no significan

关 键 词：单肺通气 GI 开胸 胸段硬膜外麻醉 全麻 氧代谢 氧耗 VO2 结论 时间点 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学] R655[医药卫生—外科学]