CO_2和O_3浓度倍增对作物影响的研究进展  

THE STUDY ON EFFECTS OF DOUBLE CO_2 AND O_3 ON CROPS

作　　者：王春乙[1] 白月明[1] 郑昌玲[1] 郭建平[1] 温民[1] 高素华[1] 黄辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《气象学报》2004年第6期875-881,共7页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目 (4 98992 70 ) ;"八五"科技攻关"全球气候变化预测影响和对策研究"项目

摘　　要：文中利用自行设计的OTC - 1型开顶式气室进行了 9a的田间试验 ,取得了一批质量可靠的试验数据 ,分析了CO2 浓度倍增对大豆、冬小麦、棉花、玉米、春小麦和谷子的生物量、产量及品质的影响 ,结果表明CO2 浓度倍增对上述 6种作物的生物量及产量的影响均是正效应 ,对冬小麦、棉花和谷子品质的影响可能是有利的 ,对玉米品质的影响可能是不利的 ,对大豆的影响不大 ;分析了O3 浓度倍增对冬小麦、水稻、油菜和菠菜生物量、产量及品质的影响 ,结果表明O3 浓度倍增对上述 4种作物生物量的影响均是负效应 ,对冬小麦和水稻的产量影响是负效应 ,但是冬小麦和水稻籽粒中粗蛋白和 17种氨基酸含量都有所增加 ;分析了CO2 和O3 浓度复合倍增对大豆生物量、产量及品质的影响 ,结果是生物量和产量呈增加趋势 ,说明了CO2 的正效应大于O3 的负效应。采用作物模型数值模拟方法 ,分析了CO2 和O3 浓度倍增对冬小麦生物量及产量的影响。Field experiments has been carried out with designed OTC-1 open top chamber for nine years continuously and a set of credible experiment data have been collected. With these data, the effects of double CO_2 concentration on biomass, yields and quality of soybean, winter wheat, cotton, maize, sprint wheat and millet were analyzed. The results show that double CO_2 has positive effects on biomass and yields of these six crops and may has favorable effects on quality of winter wheat, cotton and miller, but negative effects on quality of maize and few effects on soybean. It was analyzed also the effects of double O_3 on biomass, yields and quality of the winter wheat, rice, rape and spinach. The results show that doubled O_3 has negative effects on biomass of these 4 crops and yields of winter wheat and rice. Crude proteins and 17 kinds of amino acid in seed of winter wheat and rice are increased. The effects of doubled CO_2 and O_3 interaction on biomass, yields and quality of soybean were investigated. Biomass and yields of soybean are increased, which indicates that positive effect of CO_2 is more than negative effect of O_3. At last, the assessment of effects of double CO_2 and O_3 on biomass and yields of winter wheat with the crop growth model in the way of numerical simulation was also made.

关 键 词：冬小麦 生物量 倍增 作物 产量 品质 浓度 影响 研究进展 分析 

分 类 号：P155.22[天文地球—天文学] S512[农业科学—作物学]