20世纪的世界史学史  

The History of the Study of World History in the 20 ^(th) Century

作　　者：杰里.H.本特利 许平[2] 胡修雷[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]美国夏威夷大学历史系 [2]北京大学历史系 [3]邮编:100871

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2004年第4期119-136,共18页Historiography Bimonthly

摘　　要：本文对 2 0世纪出现的具有全球视野的各种世界史研究范式进行了综合评述。真正的具有全球意义的世界史研究在 2 0世纪出现 ,它们可以分为历史哲学、社会科学和专业历史研究三种。 2 0世纪早期的历史哲学超越了民族国家的分析框架 ,提出了不同文化传统之间交流的有意义的问题。五六十年代流行于美国学术界的现代化分析理论关注于经济发展、城市化、工业化等理解现代社会的重要问题。坚持依附论和世界体系分析的学者认为 ,帝国主义和殖民主义的世界体系是理解现代世界的关键。工业历史学者注重具体历史过程的分析。 80年代后 ,全球史观的世界历史研究根据不同的生态史。这些研究各有突破和不足 ,但都对全球视野的世界历史研究做出贡献。This essay examines the visions of the study of world history that emerged in the 20 th century from the works of three distinct groups of scholars: philosophers of history, social scientists, and professional historians. Philosophers had little interest in the processes of history, but sought for some philosophical principles. The works of philosophers, like Spengler and Toynbee, had great suggestive value. Analysis from the visual angle of modernization appeared in the academic circle of U.S. in 1950s—1960s. It concentrated attention on the themes that are absolutely crucial for the effort to understanding modern history—economic development, urbanization, industrialization and so on. The works of the analysis from the angle of modernization explained by example how to think about global historical processes. Dependency and world-system analysis became popular during 1970s and 1980s. The global historical analysis has developed in professional historians by 1980s. There are three main lines: one concentrates attention on cross-cultural interaction and diffusion; another school examines the large-scale economic and social history; the third one explores large-scale environmental and ecological history.

关 键 词：世界史研究 历史哲学 史学史 年代 历史研究 全球史观 历史学 世界体系 全球视野 根据 

分 类 号：K10[历史地理—历史学]