筑坝对河流生态系统影响研究进展  

Advances in effects of dams on river ecosystem

作　　者：毛战坡[1] 王雨春[1] 彭文启[1] 周怀东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水环境研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《水科学进展》2005年第1期134-140,共7页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40103008);国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2002CB412300)~~

摘　　要：河流是陆地生态系统和水生态系统间物质循环的通道,筑坝人为改变河流物理、化学、生物地球化学循环模式,影响河流生态系统的结构、功能。分析了筑坝对河流水文水力特性、生源要素(氮、磷、硅等)、水生态系统结构和功能的影响以及河流生态系统恢复等研究的进展。随着水库成为陆地水分循环的一个主要组成部分,对流域生态系统健康的影响日益显著,进而对大坝的生态效应、河流生态恢复等需要进行深入的研究,减轻大坝的负面效应。River systems are the major transport channel between land ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem, but the constructed dams fragmented the river ecosystems, that can change their physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The detail effect of the dams are reviewed on the hydrological and hydrodynamic characteristics, the nutrients transportation, the structure and functions of the river ecosystem, and the corresponding measures for the ecological restoration. With larger dames as major component of the hydrological cycle, their effects on the watershed ecosystem health is increasing. We need to study their negative effects on the ecosystem and the corresponding restoration measures.

关 键 词：大坝 河流 生态系统 生态恢复 

分 类 号：TV853[水利工程—水利水电工程]