人工林地浑水入渗性能与通用入渗模型  

Infiltrability of muddy water and universal model for both muddy water and tap water in planted forest site

作　　者：王进鑫[1] 黄宝龙[2] 王迪海[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100 [2]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,南京210037

出　　处：《生态学报》2004年第12期2841-2847,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 ( G19990 43 60 2 ) ;国家"十五"重点科技攻关资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1BA5 10 B0 10 3 ) ;西北农林科技大学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目 ( 0 80 80 4)~~

摘　　要：采用双环法 ,通过 130场田间的浑水与清水入渗对比试验 ,对两种土壤质地的刺槐、侧柏人工林地的浑水入渗性能进行了研究。结果表明 ,含沙径流——浑水可显著削弱人工林地土壤的入渗性能 ,降低天然降水与土壤水的转换能力及人工林涵养水源的作用 ,其削减能力随着入渗水流含沙量、泥沙中小于 0 .0 1mm物理性粘粒含量的增加或入渗历时的延长而增大 ,并受到土壤质地的强烈影响。在土壤质地相同条件下 ,人工林地浑水的入渗能力随人工林树种的不同而异。刺槐林地土壤入渗能力大于侧柏林地 ;与相同立地退耕还林后仅 1a的新造林地相比较 ,退耕还林后 13a生的侧柏林地 ,土壤浑水入渗和清水入渗能力均减小 ;但退耕还林后 13a生的刺槐林地 ,清水入渗能力明显增强 ,浑水入渗能力因入渗水流特性不同而异。通过 L evenberg-Marquardt非线性参数拟合 ,求得了两种土壤质地条件下 ,3种林分积水型浑水与清水入渗的通用模型。该模型既可用于清水入渗预报 。Infiltration can affect soil water recharge and soil water availability to plant, surface runoff and soil erosion. Although there have been many reports on infiltration for forest sites, none of them is conducted with muddy water. Muddy water is a type of available water resource with sediment from surface runoff and is used for irrigation in the semiarid and arid areas or direct into plantation sites. This study used 130 field sites i) to compare the infiltration of muddy water with tap water on black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), oriental arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis Franco) plantation sites, ii) to understand the impact of sediment content, physical clay content of less than 0.01 mm in the sediment and tree species on infiltrability on forest soils with various texture classes on the Loess Plateau in China, and iii) to develop an universal model to describe water infiltration on the different forest soils in the region. The muddy water for the infiltration test was divided into four types according to sediment content, that is 50 g/kg, 100 g/kg, 150 g/kg and 200 g/kg; and each type of sediment content was further divided into three subtypes according to physical clay content, that is 220.0 g/kg, 249.0 g/kg and 263.0 g/kg for light loam in Ansai experimental station, and 419.0 g/kg, 446.0 g/kg and 481.0 g/kg for loam in Chunhua experimental station. Field infiltration was measured with a double ring infiltrometer at the water head (pressure) of 40 mm. A volumetric cylinder with an agitator was used to supply muddy water and recorded the amount of infiltration water manually. The results showed that muddy water decreased the infiltration capability of soil with light loam and loam, decreased the transfer capability of rainfall to soil water and impaired the role of forest in water conservation. The infiltrability decreased with increasing sediment content, physical clay content and infiltration duration; and was affected by soil texture. Under given soil texture condition, infiltrability of muddy water

关 键 词：人工林 刺槐 侧柏 浑水 入渗性能 入渗模型 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]