三江平原湿地水平衡结构研究  

Water Balance of the Reclaimed Wetland in the Sanjiang Plain

作　　者：张芸[1] 吕宪国[2] 杨青[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物所植被数量生态学重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2005年第1期79-82,共4页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：中国科学院资源与生态环境重大项目(B:KZ951-B1-201)

摘　　要：以三江平原沼泽湿地生态试验站为研究基地,观测沼泽湿地水平衡的要素,如降雨量、蒸发量、径流量,并与农田相对比,揭示沼泽湿地独特的水平衡结构。研究结果表明,沼泽湿地蒸发量在夏季少雨期高于农田,秋季多雨期低于农田;大面积湿地具有使河川径流年际变化加大和年内分配均化的作用,且沼泽植被能减缓洪水流速,因此可以拦蓄洪水,起到控制洪水的作用;湿地开垦后,导致湿地防洪功能下降,湿地效益减弱。The Sanjiang ecological test station of mire and wetland served as the research base.Water balance of wetland was discussed by observing various elements,such as rainfall,evaporation,runoff.The result shows that during rainless summer evaporation of wetland is higher than that of farmland,but during rainy autumn is lower than that of farmland.Wetland can increase the interannual variation and average intra-annual distribution of river runoff,and wetland vegetation can decrease the velocity of flood flow.So it can store floodwater and control flood.But after reclaimation,the function of flood control and wetland benefit will be weakened.

关 键 词：农田 三江平原 沼泽湿地 秋季 夏季 开垦 降雨量 年际变化 蒸发量 洪水 

分 类 号：P931[天文地球—自然地理学]