基于RS和GIS的长白山火山灾害风险评估研究  

Risk assessment of volcanic hazards in Changbai Mountain region based on RS and GIS

作　　者：张学霞[1] 薄立群[2] 张树文[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2003年第1期47-55,共9页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW-321;KZCX1-SW-01-09)

摘　　要：火山灾害风险评估是火山减灾的重要研究内容之一。长白山火山是中国最具潜在喷发危险的活火山。围绕火山灾害危险性、致灾因子危险性、社会经济易损性,发展了基于GIS和RS的火山灾害风险评估面源模型,对长白山火山灾害风险进行了评估,并编辑了长白山火山灾害风险评估图。研究表明,长白山火山灾害风险在空间上表现为距离衰减规律,离天池越远,风险值等级越低;高风险区位于天池附近,围绕天池呈环状展布;较高风险区向东北方向延伸,主体位于安图境内;中风险区范围相对较大,主要位于安图、和龙、长白、靖宇、抚松境内。为检验评估方法的有效性和可靠性,将长白山火山灾害风险评估图与已知的单因子风险评估图进行了对比研究,结果表明该方法具有相当大的实用价值。Risk assessment of volcanic hazard is one of important contents in research of volcanic hazard reduction. Changbai Mountain volcano is an active volcano with most potential eruption hazard in China. In respect of volcanic hazard risk, disastercausing factor risk and socioeconomic vulnerability,a volcanic hazard riskassessing area source model is presented. The volcanic hazard risk in Changbai Mountain was assessed and the corresponding volcanic hazard assessment maps were compiled. The maps show that volcanic hazard risk in Changbai Mountain decreases with increase of distance from crater as follows:(1)high risk region is located by Tianchi with an annular distribution around it;(2)relatively high risk region extends northwest with its main part in border of Antu County;(3)the moderate risk region is relatively large with its main part in borders of Antu, Helong, Changbai,Jingyu and Fusong Counties.In order to examine the effectiveness and reliability of the assessment method,the risk assessment maps for volcanic hazard in Changbai Mountain were compared with that from single factor. The result shows a pretty practical value of the presented method.

关 键 词：火山灾害 风险评估 面源模型 长白山火山 

分 类 号：P317.9[天文地球—固体地球物理学]