GIS面目标间拓扑关系的形式化模型  

A Generic Model Describing Topological Relations among Area Objects in GIS

作　　者：邓敏[1] 刘文宝[2] 冯学智[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学城市与资源学系,江苏南京210093 [2]山东科技大学地球信息科学与工程学院,山东泰安271019

出　　处：《测绘学报》2005年第1期85-90,共6页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40101022;49801016);教育部高校博士点基金资助项目(20010284011)

摘　　要：拓扑关系的描述和区分是建立在空间目标相互作用过程中目标集及其分量集合拓扑特性变化基础之上的。建立了GIS中拓扑关系形式化描述和区分的一种广义模型,并与已有的形式化模型进行了比较分析,结果发现现有的形式化方法和模型是广义模型的一些特例。在此基础上,进一步提出了面目标间拓扑关系形式化描述的基本模型,并根据定义的拓扑距离和拓扑复杂性概念,建立了一个新的拓扑关系概念邻域图。The theory of spatial relations in GIS theory has been strongly demanded by spatial data modeling, spatial database query, spatial reasoning, cartographic generalization, and natural-language interface design among many others. However, there is no universal formal model that can be used to describe topological relations among area objects. This paper focuses on establishing a formal model to fill up the knowledge gaps. Our studies demonstrate that topological relations can be identified upon the changes of topological properties of spatial object sets and its components before and after their interactions. First, we propose a generalized model describing topological relations by using mapping transformations from relational algebraic. We found that the current existing models can be categorized as specific cases of our model. Subsequently, the model that we proposed here is a generic model in terms of representing area/area relations. In addition, the concepts of topological distance and topological complexity are defined within the model framework. Based on the concepts, we set up a conceptual model toward neighborhoods of topological relations, which agrees with practical cases and can be applied to the real-world problems.

关 键 词：形式化模型 形式化描述 拓扑关系 面目标 形式化方法 广义模型 目标集 GIS 空间目标 发现 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] TP311[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]