塔里木盆地志留系优质储层控制因素与勘探方向选择  

Controlling Factors of Silurian High-quality Reservoirs in Tarim Basin and Selection of Exploration Direction

作　　者：张惠良[1] 王招明[2] 张荣虎[1] 杨海军[2] 李宇平[2] 沈扬[1] 孙丽霞[2] 李玉文[1] 杨晓宁[1] 王少依[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院杭州地质研究所,浙江省杭州市310023 [2]塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒市841000

出　　处：《中国石油勘探》2004年第5期21-25,共5页China Petroleum Exploration

摘　　要：塔里木盆地志留系分布面积约23.6×104km2,勘探前景广阔。储层性质受岩矿特征、成岩演化、压实等因素控制。储层分石英砂岩和岩屑砂岩两种,石英砂岩主要分布在塔中和塔北,其形成环境是滨岸、潮间带低潮坪、潮下带潮汐水道及和扇三角洲,岩屑砂岩主要分布在塔东等地区。塔中和塔北地区石英含量可以达到65%以上,其孔隙度大于9%,渗透率大于2×10-3μm2,因此,石英砂岩的分布区即为优质储层的分布区。塔东等岩屑砂岩分布的地区储层控制因素为成岩压实、碳酸盐胶结物和粘土矿物成分含量,其压实减孔10%?26%、胶结减孔8%?24%;有效储层(孔隙度大于9%,渗透率大于2×10-3μm2)的埋藏深度小于4500m,碳酸盐胶结物含量小于10%;因此,塔东等地区沉积前古隆起及陆相与海相环境的过渡带可能存在较好储层。石英砂岩分布区、古隆起及大陆斜坡上的沉积环境过渡带是塔里木盆地志留系重要的油气勘探区。Silurian System in Tarim Basin is distributed in an area of about 23.6×104km2, having a broad prospect for exploration. The characters of reservoirs are controlled by such factors as rock-mineral characteristics, diagenetic development and compaction. The reservoirs are divided into quartzose sandstone and lithic sandstone. Quartzose sandstone is mainly distributed in Tazhong and Tabei uplift. The forming environment is shore, low tidal ?at of intertidal zone, tidal waterway of subtidal zone and fan delta. Lithic sandstone is mainly distributed in Tadong and other areas. The quartz content in Tazhong and Tabei uplift may exceed 65 percent. The porosity is higher than 9 percent while the permeability is higher than 2×10-3μm2. Therefore, the distribution zone of quartzose sandstone is also the distribution zone of high-quality reservoirs.As for the distribution zone of lithic sandstome in Tadong, the controlling factors of reservoirs are diagenetic compaction, carbonate cement and clay mineral composite content. The effective reservoir buried depth is less than 4500 meters and the porosity is higher than 9 percent while the permeability is higher than 2×10-3μm2. The content of carbonate cement is less than 10 percent. Therefore, the desirable reservoirs may exist in the pre-depositional palaeohigh and the transitional zone between continental and marine environments in Tadong region. Distribution zone of quartzose sandstone, palaeohigh and the sedmentary environmental transitional zone on the continental slope are the important Silurian oil and gas exploration zones in Tarim Basin.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 志留系 储层 石英砂岩 油气勘探 

分 类 号：P618.130.2[天文地球—矿床学]