获取室内模型流域DEM数据的实用方法  

Practical method for DEM of a laboratory watershed model

作　　者：杨超[1] 赵军[2] 高佩玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院,水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2005年第1期13-15,共3页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：教育部重大项目中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目 (KZCX32SW 2 4 2 2 )

摘　　要：为获得模型流域的高精度DEM数据 ,自制了高程测量仪 ,对 6 5 9m2 流域模型进行 0 1m× 0 1m网格的逐点测量 ,获得高程数据 ,并利用GIS软件生成模型流域的DEM。降雨强度 10 0mm/h和降雨历时 4 0min条件下 ,降雨前后DEM处理后得到的模型流域土壤侵蚀量为 4 4 6 5kg ,相对人工采样误差 7 5 %。处理所得DEM与原模型流域地形特征点数据比较误差为± 0 0 0 5m。模型流域降雨侵蚀后高程的对比计算结果表明 ,该测量方法在室内小模型流域的降雨侵蚀定量研究中是可行的。It is well known that it is difficult to get the morphological data for a laboratory watershed model in soil erosion study by the traditional methods and the RS, GPS and GI technologies. A practically useful apparatus was developed to quantify the digital elevation of a laboratory watershed model for a 66m2 watershed with 10 by 10cm grids. A GIS software was used to generate the DEM of the watershed and the measured elevation values were verified with the actual ones at control points, which indicated that the error was less than 5mm. This method can be used for geomorphologic determination of a watershed and for quantifying the soil erosion in a rainfall event by comparing the elevation changes.

关 键 词：模型流域 GIS 地形测量 土壤侵蚀 

分 类 号：S29[农业科学—农业水土工程]