江陵张家山出土汉初历谱考  

A Study into the Calendars of the Early Han Period Unearthed from Zhangjiashan, Jiangling

作　　者：黄一农[1] 

机构地区：[1]"清华大学"历史研究所,台湾省新竹市30043

出　　处：《考古》2002年第1期64-67,共4页Archaeology

摘　　要：19世纪以来，学界多将陈垣的《二十史朔闰表》或董作宾的《中国年历简谱》等历谱奉为圭臬，虽然其中所记东汉后期迄今的朔闰，一般说来相当可靠，但仍偶见有与当时实际行用相异的情形，如在唐代采行麟德历的63年间，经比对分析墓志铭等金石资料上的纪日叙述，可发现目前坊间各历谱竟然有约50个月的朔日于支可能有误。The calendars used in the early Han period are still not very clear to Sinologists. Fortunately, those of 202-186BC unearthed from the No. 247 tomb at Zhangjiashan have been recently published. These bamboo slips provide invaluable data for reconstructing the methods early Han astronomers used to calculate each year' s calendar. Interesting enough, none of the previous calendric tables deduced by various scholars with different methods is totally consistent with these newly discovered data. On the basis of the data, the author proposes in this paper that astronomers then adopted the system of Zhuanxu calendar but added 499/940 days for calculating the beginning of each lunar month. The author also discusses the possible reasons of such an adjustment.

关 键 词：张家山 文物考古 出土文物 汉朝初期 历谱 中国 文物考古 

分 类 号：K872[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]