北京音系里文白异读的新旧层次  

The literary and colloquial readings in Modern Beijing Mandarin:distinguishing between the old and new layers

作　　者：陈重瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]新加坡国立大学

出　　处：《中国语文》2002年第6期550-558,共9页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：本文指出,在北京音系里,在有[+/-韵尾]对比的文白读音之间,文读不带韵尾,白读带韵尾;文读是旧音,白读是从文读衍生出来的新音。本文提出三种资料证明[+韵尾]音节是衍生的后起层次:1.由中古至今的语音发展(包括同一谐声系统里先后舒化的字的读音演变及中古舒入二读字的读音演变),2.[+/-韵尾]与北京音系声调的对应关系,3.新旧读音与音节结构演变的关系。Contrary to the apparent consensus among Chinese historical phonologists and dialectologists,this paper argues that in Modern Beijing Mandarin the literary readings are the old layer, and thecolloquial readings, the new layer. Although evidence is drawn only from readings that contain a[ + / - ending] contrast, the conclusion should apply to pairs that do not contain such a contrastas well. This paper first establishes that when the afore-mentioned contrast obtains, the readingswith a vocalic ending are the colloquial layer and the ones without, the literary layer. Three typesof evidence converge to prove that the [ + ending] colloquial layer has indeed evolved from the [ -ending] literary layer: (1) evidence of patterns of sound change from Middle Chinese to ModernBeijing Mandarin (changes in characters from the same phonetic series and characters that carriedboth Ru and non-Ru tones), (2) the correspondences between [ + / - ending] readings andModern Beijing tones, (3) the new and old readings in relation to syllable structures.

关 键 词：北京音系 文白异读 文白读音 音节结构 语音 中古音 

分 类 号：H116[语言文字—汉语]