海岛棉与瑟伯氏棉、辣根棉、裂片棉、松散棉的杂种F_1细胞学研究  

Cytology of F1 hybrids of Gossypium barbademse with G. thurberi,G. armourianum.G. lobatum and G. laxum.

作　　者：周宝良[1] 彭跃进[1] 黄骏麒[1] 钱思颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院经济作物所,南京210014

出　　处：《浙江农业大学学报》1993年第1期24-29,共6页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本文报道了海岛棉(Gossypium barbadense,(AD)_2)、与瑟伯氏棉(C.thurberi,D_1)、辣根棉(G.armourianum,D_(2-1))、裂片棉(C.lobatum,D_7)和松散棉(C.laxum,D_8)等4个D染色体组的杂种三倍体F_1主要形态遗传变异及其花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对的研究结果。这4个种间杂种F_1,有的表型象海岛棉,有的象野生二倍体棉,有的表现为中间型。每细胞染色体平均构型依次为:12.83Ⅱ+13.27Ⅰ+0.024Ⅲ;12.10Ⅱ+14.84Ⅰ;12.44Ⅱ+14.24Ⅰ+0.02Ⅲ和12.70Ⅱ+13.40Ⅰ+0.025Ⅲ+0.033Ⅳ;完全配对成13Ⅱ和13Ⅰ的细胞,其比例分别为60.3％、19.9％、42.2％和45.9％。这表明:在这4个D染色体组棉种中,以瑟伯氏棉与海岛棉的关系最为密切,其次为松散棉、裂片棉,而辣根棉的关系最远。本文还讨论了这4个D染色体组种与海岛棉的亲缘关系。Inheritance of some morphological characters and the meiotic behaviour of pollen mother cells in four triploid F1s (2n = 3x = 39) was studied. Results indicated that the inters-pecific F1 hybrids had obvious transgressive inheritance and most of the characters were of the intermediate type. These F1 hybrids differed from each other in chromosome configuration at metaphase Ⅰ, with 12. 83 Ⅱ +13. 27 Ⅰ +0.0245 33 in G. barbadense × G. thurberi,12. 10 22 +14. 84 Ⅰ in G. barbadense × G. armourianum,12. 44 Ⅱ +14. 24 Ⅰ +0. 02 Ⅲ in G. barbadese X G. lobatum and 12. 70 22 + 13. 40 Ⅰ +0. 025 33 +0. 033 Ⅳ in G. barbadense × G. laxum. Based on the performance of chromosome pairing of F1 hybrids.it is concluded that the genome D1 in G. thurberi is one of the most similar to the subgenome D in G. barbadense. The relationships between G. barbadense and these four American wild diploid cotton are reviewed.

关 键 词：细胞学 棉花 杂种 细胞学 

分 类 号：S562.035.1[农业科学—作物学]