盐碱化草地羊草生长的适应性与耐盐渗透调节  

GROWTH ADAPTABILITY AND SALT TOLERANCE OSMOREGULATION OF ANEUROLEPIDIUM CHINENSE GROWN ON SALINE GRASSLAND

作　　者：殷立娟[1] 石德成[1] 王萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学草地研究所

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1993年第8期619-625,共7页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家重大自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：测定生长在东北盐碱化草地、盐碱化程度不同的土壤上羊草(Aneurolepidium chinense(Trin.)Kitag.)的生长量,体内K^+、Na^+、脯氨酸、柠檬酸的含量及其在各器官的积累量。结果表明,羊草具有很强的适应盐碱生境的能力,在总盐量0.088%—1.63%(pH 8.3—9.8)的土壤上均能正常生长。随着土壤含盐量或Na^+不断增高,以体内积累的Na^+、脯氨酸和柠檬酸进行渗透调节。在土壤中Na^+低于20μmol/g时,羊草快速吸Na^+和排K^+。在土壤Na^+=80 μmol/g时,Na^+吸收缓慢,K^+维持在一个稳定水平,脯氨酸和柠檬酸含量明显增加。在Na^+大于80μmol/g时,Na^+和K^+的含量均变低,而有机溶质仍不断积累。K^+主要分布在代谢旺盛的幼叶中。进入体内的Na^+主要积累在根和老叶中,而脯氨酸和柠檬酸的积累主要发生在幼叶、成叶和茎中。分蘖芽具有很强的吸收与积累K^+、Na^+和脯氨酸的能力。The growth of Aneurolepidium chinense Kitag. grown on different saline soil of a Northeast grassland of China was studied and the K^+, Na^+ proline and citric acid accumulated in plants or their organs were determined . The results showed that A. chinense had a strong adaptability to saline habitat and could grow on soil with a salt content of 0. 088%—1. 63%,and pH ranging from 8. 3 to 9. 8. Sodium,proline and citric acid were accumulated by plants for osmotic adjustment when the salinity and Na^+(content of the soil increased. A. chinense absorbed Na^+ rapidly from the soil and excluded K^+ when the soil Na^+ concentration was less than 20 μmol/g. Sodium was adsorbed slowly and K^+ remained constant in plants when Na^+ concentrations of soil were 20—80 μmol/g,and proline and citric acid contents were markedly increased. Sodium and K^+ decreased slightly in plant tissue and organic solutes increased when Na^+ concentrations exceeded 80 μmol/g in soil. Most K^+ was distributed in young leaves which were metabolically active. The major sites of Na^+ accumulation were in the roots and older mature leaves; whereas proline and citric acid accumulation occurred primarily in young leaves,mature leaves and stems. Tillering buds had strong ability to absord and accumulate K^+ ,Na^+ and Proline.

关 键 词：羊草 盐碱土壤 渗透调节 

分 类 号：Q949.714.2[生物学—植物学]