某些晚古生代蕨类和种子蕨植物起源问题的研究  

STUDY ON THE ORIGIN OF SOME PTERIDOPHYTA AND PTERIDOSPERMAE PLANTS OF THE LATE PALAEOZOIC ERA

作　　者：马洁 冯少南 

机构地区：[1]北京自然博物馆,北京100050 [2]地质矿产部宜昌地质矿产研究所,宜昌443003

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1993年第2期150-156,共7页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

摘　　要：在华南泥盆纪、石炭纪地层中,发现了一些洲际时代较新的“标准化石”,如北美、欧洲早石炭世的重要分子 Lepidodendropsis hirmeri及石炭纪的 Calamostachys、Palaeostachya 等属种。它们和 Leptophloeum rhombicum、Cyclostigma kiltorkense、Drepanophycus spinaefo-rmis、D.spinosus、Archaeosigillaria vanuxemi、Pseudobornia ursina 共存于晚泥盆世晚期梯子口组。西欧、北美威斯法期标准化石 Neuropteris gigantea、Sphenopteris obtusiloba、Potoniea、Mariopteris acuta f.obtusa、M.acuta、Linopteris和Archaeopteridium、Car-diopteridium spetsbergense、Triphyllopteris collombiana、Adiantites gothanii 也共同发现于广东测水组上段或忠信组中段,江西梓山组下、中段,浙西叶家塘组、福建林地组(广东测水组上覆地层和江西梓山组上段含早石炭世的(竹蜓)和腕足类可确定含植物化石的地层时代)。据此,笔者认为 Lepidodendropsis hirmeri、Calamostachys、Palaeostachya和 Neuropteris gi-gantea、Sphenopteris obtusiloba、Potoniea、Mariopteris acuta f.obtusa、M.acuta、Lino-pteris 等属种分别起源于我国华南地区晚泥盆世晚期和早石炭世维宪期。文章还探讨了该期植物发生和迁移的有关问题。Some intercontinental period 'standard fossils' were discovered in strata of Devonian and Carboniferous of South China, such as the important member Lepidodendropsis hirmeri of Early Carboniferous of North America and Europe, Carboniferous species of the genera Calamostachys Schimer, Palaeostachya Weiss etc.. They, co-existing with Leptophloeum rhom- bicum, Cyclostigma kiltorkense, Drepanophycus spinaeformis, D. spinousus. Archaeosigillaria vanuxemi and Pseudobornia ursina, were living in Tizikou Formation of the Late Devonian. The standard fossils of western Europe and North America Westphalian, as Neuropteris gigan- tea, Sphenopteris Obtusiloba, Potoniea Zeiller, Mariopteris acuta f. obtusa, M. acuta, Linop- teris Presl and Archaeopteridium Kidston, Cardiopteridium spetsbergense, Triphyllopteris col- lombiana, and Adiantites gothanii were discovered also in upper part of Ceshui Formation of Guangdong or middle part of Zhongxin Formation, lower and middle part of Zishan Forma- tion in Jiangxi, Yejiatang Formation in wester Zhejiang and Lindi Formation in Fujian. Up- per strata of Ceshui Formation in Guangdong and upper part of Zishan Formation contain Fusulinids and Brachiopods in Jiangxi. Therefore the authors consider that this Lepidoden- dropsis hirmeri, Calamostachys, Palaeostachya, Neuropteris gigantea, Sphenopteris obtusiloba, Potoniea, Mariopleris acuta f. obtusa. M. acuta, Linopteris were originated in Later Devonian and Early Carboniferous Wisean Stage of South China. The article also discusses the origin and migration of plants during that era.

关 键 词：种子蕨 晚古生代 蕨纲 

分 类 号：Q914.85[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]