平菇栽培作业职业危害的研究  

Study on Occupational Risk in the Pleurotus Growing Process

作　　者：文保元 袭著英[2] 张学德 常勇[3] 马瑞霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省劳动卫生职业病防治研究所 [2]山东省医学科学院基础医学研究所 [3]济南市职业病防治院

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》1989年第1期4-6,63,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

摘　　要：通过对36处平菇生产现场、377名栽培人员的劳动卫生学调查、临床检查、免疫学研究、霉菌培养和动物实验证实,以棉籽皮为培养基栽培平菇,其职业性呼吸道疾病的病原是平菇本身释放的担孢子,而与普通高温放线菌、小多芽胞霉菌等嗜热性放线菌的孢子无关。本文并探讨了平菇栽培人员呼吸道疾病的发病规律、临床特征,建议将临床诊断分为蘑菇孢子过敏性支气管炎和肺泡炎(蘑菇工肺)。Labour hygiene investigations, clinical ex-aminations, immunology test, culture of mouldsand animal experiments have been done in36 pleurotus growing on-the-spots in 377 pleu-rotus workers. These studies confirm thatoccupational respiratory disease in the pleuro-tus workers as a result of inhalating basidios-pores of pleurotus sapidus, bear no relation tothe spores of thermophilic actinomycetes in-cluding therrnoactinomyces vulgaris and micro-potyspora fungi etc in the process of growingpleurotuses which are cultivated making useof cottonseed skins. Clinical rule and charac-teristics of the disease were described. Theauthors suggest that diagnosis fall under hy-persensitivity bronchitis due to pleurotus flor-ida and allergic alveolitis (mushroom worker'slung).

关 键 词：职业危害 呼吸道疾病 免疫学研究 芽胞 肺泡炎 劳动卫生学调查 过敏性 担孢子 放线菌 霉菌 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R563[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]