我国花生栽培种的共生差异与根瘤菌选择  

SYMBIOTIC DIFFERENCES AMONG CULTIVATED PEANUTS AND RHIZOBIUM SELECTION IN CHINA

作　　者：张学江[1] 江木兰[1] 姜荣文[1] 佘群新[1] 段乃雄[1] 姚瑞林[2] 李健宝[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,武汉430062 [2]中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1993年第3期82-88,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家75-71-07-07专题中花生根瘤菌技术的研究内容之一

摘　　要：笔者对我国花生栽培种的共生反应及其根瘤菌选择进行了研究。结果表明,栽培种类型的结瘤等级被鉴定为普通型(蔓生≥直立)≥龙生型≥多粒型=珍珠豆型,证明类型间存在明显的结瘤差异。由类型间杂交育成品种的共生特性亦有显著差异。表明这些品种存在遗传变异。从根瘤菌选择中,观察到品种×菌株组合具有共生特异性。选出了对菌株相对广谱亲和的寄主品种徐州68-4和其他10个特异非亲和品种,也选出了对寄主相对广谱亲和的147-3、97-1等和特异非亲和的M30、32HI等菌株。亲和组合在田间表现增产和显著(P<0.05)增产,非亲和组合增产不显著和减产不显著。此为花生分类、固氮畜种与品种亲和配对的根瘤菌选择及提高其田间接种效果,提供了基本数据和种质材料。Survey was carried out for symbiotic differences among cultivated peanuts and selection Rhizobium strains in China. The results showed in this paper that nodulation differences occurred obviously in four types of cultivated peanuts which were determined to be viginia (spreading≥erect)≥dragon≥valancia=spanish in nodulation class, and there were significant differences of symbiotic traits among cultivars bred from cultivated type cross, which indicated genetic variation occurring in the bred peanuts. The specificity of cultivar×strain combinations has been observed from Rhizobium selection. A relatively broad compatible host cultivar Xu-Zhou 68-4 and ten of specific imcompatible cultivars and, relatively broad compatible strains 147-3, 97-1 etc. and specific imcompatible strains M30, 32H1 etc. have been obtained from the combination selection for Rhizobium strains and peanut cultivars respectively. Compatible combinations produced significantly(P<0.05) increase in yields, while imcompatible combinations in increase and decrease in yields were not significant in fields. These suggest essential data and germplasm accessions for peanut classification, breeding for nitrogen fixation, Rhizobium selection for compatible partners with cultivar and improvement inoculation in fields.

关 键 词：花生 根瘤菌 亲和性 

分 类 号：S565.204[农业科学—作物学]