长果桑果熟期摄食鸟类多样性  

Bird Diversity During Ripe Berry Period of Morus Mocrora in Mountain Region,Xishuangbanna,Yunnan

作　　者：王直军[1] 陈进[1] 邓晓保[1] 白智林[1] 刘勇[1] 刘志秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《山地学报》2001年第1期48-52,共5页Mountain Research

基　　金：中国科学院生物科学与技术研究特别支持资助! (编号STZ98-1-0 8)

摘　　要：鸟类对山地环境的变化敏感 ,对森林结构和食物资源的反应明显 ,我们在西双版纳人为影响的热带山林 ,进一步研究了长果桑果期摄食鸟类种群结构 ,对人类影响下森林生态系统动植关系及其动态变化有更清楚的了解 ;一些地区特有的鸟类种和亚种、大中型非雀形目鸟类、以及人们需要重点保护的鸟类 ,已经随着植被结构的变化和食源的减少而失去了。若不尽早消除干扰、改善植被结构 ,情况还会越来越严重。只有保护森林自然结构和自然更新 ,停止对森林结构的破坏性干扰 ,才可能有效保护鸟类多样性。A gap in current knowledge is in the ways of conversion and recovery of mountain ecosystem, however, mobile species such as birds can help us to know the basic dynamics of the natural processes. This work was through a comparative study on Morus mocroura and bird diversity in Menglun and Nangong Mountain of Xishuangbanna to understand the dynamics. Data were analyzed using the Shannon_Wiener function formula and overlap function formula. This field work was carried out during the ripe period of polymeric berries of Morus mocroura which were eaten by birds. The sizes of the fragrant polymeric berries are suitable for different gape width that attract many species of birds, and these birds easily swallow the berries in different ways. There is a harmonious relationship between birds and food resources to coexist, however it is changing because of the influence of human in some areas of Xishuangbanna. Through a comparative study in Menglun and Nangong Mountain, concerning forest plots, the diversity(H and H max) of birds, and foraging ratio is higher at the Nangong Mountain, the overlap of the foraging birds and their competition is higher in Menglun forest plots. There are 35 species including 23 species and subspecies of native birds, 10 species of special protected birds have been recorded in Nangong Mountain, only 20 species including 12 species and subspecies of native birds in Menglun forest plots. Many species of birds are quickly disappearing with the destruction of primary frest ecosystem in Menglun mountain region. Biodiversity conservation should be put into ecosystem as a whole. If we do not study mountain ecosystem soon, we shall face a grave problem with a poorer environment and living condition. It is essential that restoration and conservation should be undertaken before substantial losses of species have occurred. The problem of bird diversity reducing should be solved by applying a system matical approach combining ecological system with social system thus to understand the relationships be

关 键 词：营养联系 鸟类摄食 动植物关系 山地生态系统 

分 类 号：Q958.12[生物学—动物学]