鸡胚胎体外培养的研究  

ON THE CULTURE OF THE CHICHEN EMBRYOES IN VITRO

作　　者：李善刚[1] 杜立新[2] 

机构地区：[1]泰山医学院组织胚胎学教研室,山东泰安271000 [2]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2000年第2期125-128,共4页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：鸡胚体外培养系统包括 :将鸡胚从蛋壳中取出转入代用蛋壳Ⅰ中补加蛋清至满 ,用保鲜膜封口固定 ,38℃、翻蛋角 90°、RH40 %孵化 72h ,然后转入代用蛋壳Ⅱ中用保鲜膜封口固定 ,38℃、翻蛋角 40°、RH5 0 %孵化至 1 8d ,之后转入恒温箱停止翻蛋在 37 5℃、RH6 0 %的条件下孵化至出雏。通过以上培养系统 ,在手工翻蛋 (4次 /d)的情况下分两组处理 1 7只鸡胚 ,孵化率为 1 1 8% (2 /1 7) ,两只雏鸡中一只为弱雏 ;在自动翻蛋 (1次 /h)的情况下处理 40只鸡胚 ,孵化率为 2 2 5 % (9/4 0 )。孵出的小鸡经正常饲养能够长大并产卵。通过自动翻蛋体外培养系统可以获得满意的效果。实验过程中发现 ,两次转移对胚胎和卵黄造成的损伤、卵黄膜与代用蛋壳的粘连。we cultured the chicken embryos by the system which tranfers the chicken embryo into the alternative eggshell I and adds the albumen to fill,close the hole with clinging film,hatches for 72 hours at 38℃ ,RH40% and a 90° egg-turning angle,then transfers embryos into alternative eggshell Ⅱ,close the hole with clinging film,hatches for 15 days at 38℃,RH 40% and a 40° egg-turning angle; and finally transfers the embryos into thermstat and stops turning eggs at 37 5℃ ,RH60% untill hatching By this system,under manual egg-turning (4 times/day)we got 2 chickens from 17 embryos and one was weak But under automatic egg-turning (1 time/hour) we got 9 chickens from 40 embryos The result showed that the hatching rate of the group with automatic egg-turning was higher than the group with manual turning and weak chickens were less also During the experiment we also found that twice transfering and egg-turning angle are important factors of embryo and yolk baem bruising,yolk film sticking and bacterial pollution and reducing hatching rates

关 键 词：翻蛋 代用蛋壳 孵化率 鸡胚 胚胎体外培养 卵黄 出雏 体外培养系统 固定 取出 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学] S858[农业科学—畜牧兽医]