两系亚种间杂交水稻抽穗日数的杂种优势和配合力分析  

The Heterosis and Combining Ability for the Days to Heading of the "Two-line System" Intersubspecific Hybrid Rice

作　　者：孙义伟[1] 李继庆[1] 刘宜柏[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》1993年第2期105-108,共4页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

摘　　要：用光敏核不育水稻与广亲和品种配制的两系杂交稻组合,目前已成为利用籼粳亚种间杂种优势的一条重要途径。但由于籼粳交杂种一代往往表现生育期延迟的特点,使一些产量优势明显的两系亚种间杂交组合因生育期过长而限制了在生产上应用。几年来,通过对许多籼粳杂种一代的观察,发现并非所有籼粳交组合都表现超亲迟熟,不同组合间存在明显差异,并且与亲本有关。因此,有必要研究两系杂交稻组合在生育期方面的杂种优势特点及不同亲本在这一性状上的配合力效应,为组配两系亚种间杂交组合的亲本选择提供理论依据。1 材料与方法1990年夏季,以5个籼型光敏核不育系为母本,10个广亲和品种为父本,按5×10不完全双列杂交组配50个杂交组合。5个光敏核不育系为W6154S,W6184S,KS-9,5460S和衡农S-1。A partial diallel cross including 5 photosensitive genic male-sterile rice (PGM R) lines as female parents and 10 wide compatibility (WC) varieties as male parents was made to study the heterosis and combining ability for the days to heading (DTH) of the F_1 hybrids. The result showed that 5460S and Hengnong S-1 had better general combining ability (GCA), their F_1 showed no heterosis;W6154S, W6184S and KS-9 had worse GCA, their F_1 exhibited a significant positive heterobeltiosis, suggesting the difference in the DTH of F_1 among parents and among combinations. The GCA of parents, especially the indica parents, played a more important role in controlling the DTH of F_1s. The combining ability of a parent is related to its breeding relationship and the parent derived from the southeast Asia variety has better GCA. The relation between GCA and the photosensitivity gene was discussed.

关 键 词：杂种优势 杂交水稻 配合力 抽穗期 

分 类 号：S511.103.5[农业科学—作物学]