战后中国对越政策的演变——以中国国民党对越党派工作为中心的探讨  

The Evolution of China’s Postwar Policy toward Vietnam: A Study Based on the Guomindang’s Work with Vietnamese Political Parties

作　　者：罗敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,助理研究员。北京100006

出　　处：《近代史研究》2002年第1期78-118,共41页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：台湾中华发展基金的资助；台湾政治大学历史研究所林能士教授的帮助下赴台研修,本文即是此次研修的学术成果之一.

摘　　要：战后中国国民党对越党派工作先后经历了以“越南亲华党派”、“越南独立同盟”、“保大”为工作重心的三个阶段。通过对战后中国国民党对越党派工作的考察 ,我们可以看出 ,从扶植对象的选择上看 ,意识形态并未成为其抉择取舍的“一元”标准。随着越南内部情势、中国国内和整个国际形势的变化 ,中国自身的国家利益与国力、越南内部各党派的实力 ,以及法方对越政策的演变 ,均成为中方研商对越方针时所考量的重要因素。从工作方式上看 ,战后中国国民党对越党派工作以道义声援和暗中策动越南内部各党派合作为主 ,拒绝实力援越。从实施效果看 ,中方对越方针落在纸面上的颇为全面周到 ,而在具体实施过程中则大打折扣。之所以如此 ,有时是因越南局势瞬息万变而主动放弃 ,但更多情形则是因方针本身的内在矛盾、对越工作机构之间的相互掣肘和国内国共争斗的日趋激烈等因素而无从、无力实施。The Guomindang’s work with Vietnamese political parties after the war went through three periods, focusing respectively on “Vietnamese pro-China parties”, the“Vietnam Independence League” and “Bao Dai.” By reviewing the Guomindang’s postwar work with Vietnamese political parties, we can see that ideology was not the sole criterion for choosing which parties to foster. In accordance with changes in Vietnam and China’s internal situations and the international situation as a whole, it was China’s own national interests, the strengths of the various Vietnamese parties, and France’s policy toward Vietnam that became the important factors for the Guomindang to consider in its Vietnam strategy. As far as its methods are concerned, the Guomindang’s work with Vietnamese political parties after the war was mainly based on moral support and secretly encouraging Vietnamese parties to cooperate with each other. It refused to assist Vietnam materially. As to the effect of the policy, the plans were comprehensive and sound on paper, but were heavily discounted in the execution. Some times this was because the Guomindang gave up its plan because of rapid changes in the situation in Vietnam, but more often the Guomindang’s self-contradictory policies, disputes between Chinese branches in Vietnam and the intensification of conflict between the CCP and Guomindang left them with unable to carry out their plans.

关 键 词：党派合作 中国国民党 战后 方针 国际形势 国家利益 越南 同盟 经历 国力 

分 类 号：D829[政治法律—政治学]