关于张衡水运浑象的考证和复原  

A TEXTUAL RESEARCH AND NEW RECONSTRUCTION OF ZHANG HENG'S WATER-ROTATING CELESTIAL GLOBE

作　　者：李志超[1] 陈宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学,合肥230026

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》1993年第2期120-127,共8页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家教委博士点基金

摘　　要：张衡水运浑象是科学史大事,前有刘仙洲作过复原,但有重大异议。本文先考张衡之前的文献以求源,论证张衡之作的目的和历史地位;再考其后的文献以循流,既为后来史料进行诠解,也返证张衡工作的内容。在此基础上,我们讨论张衡可能采用的技术设计,证明不是齿轮传动装置,而是浮子控制的绳轮传动装置。最后报告我们所作模拟实验和复原模型。The creation of Zhang Heng's water-rotating celestial globe is a major event in the history of science and technology. The globe had been looked into and rebuilt by Mr. Liu Xianzhou, whose designs were heavily suspected by some scholars. This paper traces the source of the apparatus from documents before Zhang's time to explain the purpose of his creation and points out its place in history. The paper also tracks the course of the making of the globe, not only to unravel some difficult points in the documents, but also to infer the contents of Zhang's work. On this basis, it discusses the possible technical designs for transmission device adopted by him, and ends with a report of the authors about their recently reconstructed model and the result of some experiments carried out with this model.

关 键 词：张衡 浑象 浑仪 天文学 

分 类 号：P1－092[天文地球—天文学]