人脑视皮质的血管构筑  

ANGIOARCHITECTURE OF HUMAN VISUAL CORTEX

作　　者：林雪群[1] 袁龙庆[1] 曾司鲁[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西医学院解剖学教研室,南昌330006

出　　处：《解剖学报》1993年第1期17-21,T001,2,共7页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助课题

摘　　要：用铸型扫描电镜、碱性磷酸酶染色法、动-静脉连续灌注及马利根(Malligan)透明法,观察了15例(30侧)人脑视皮质距状裂上、下唇的软膜血管和皮质内血管构筑与细胞构筑的关系。1.视皮质表面软膜动脉来源于距状裂动脉、顶枕动脉、颞下后动脉,其分支呈梳状分布于距状裂上、下唇表面。可见2种类型的动脉吻合。距状裂上唇软膜静脉汇流至顶枕内侧静脉,下唇的主要汇流入枕内侧静脉。2.皮质内的动脉可分为皮质短动脉、皮质中动脉、皮质长动脉、皮质下动脉和髓质动脉5群,一般发出顺行和逆行分支。静脉亦可分为相应的5群。有纹区皮质可见4层血管网,第3层血管网又明显地分为3a、3b、3c三个亚层,3b亚层毛细血管密度稀疏,相当Gennari带。无纹区皮质血管构筑较稀疏。测量了各层血管密度,并讨论了视皮质血管供应与临床的关系。In order to observe the pial and intracortical vessels in the upper and lower lips of calcarine sulcus, the normal human visual cortex of 15 brains (30 sides) were studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM), staining for alkaline phosphatase activity, continuous arterio-venous perfusion and clearing of thick sections according to Malligan's procedure. The results are: (1) Superficial pial arteries on visual cortex originate from calcarine artery, parieto-occipital artery, and inferior posterior temporal artery. Their branches destribute on the surface of the upper and lower lips of the calcarine sulcus resembling a comb. Two types of arterial anastomoses were found. The pial veins of the upper lip of the calcarine sulcus empty into the medial parieto-occipital vein, while those of the lower lip empty mostly into the medial occipital vein. (2) Intracortical arteries might be divided into five groups, i.e, short cortical artery, middle cortical artery, long cortical artery, subcortical artery and medullary artery. In general, they send out forward and recurrent branches. Veins might also be classified into five groups accordingly. There are four layers of vascular network within the striate cortex. The 3rd layer was clearly divided into sublayer 3a, 3b, 3c. The capillary density of the sublayer 3b is with lower density, which is just situated in Gennari's band. Angioarchitecture in the unstriate cortex is loosely arranged. The vascular density of each layer has been measured. The relationship between the blood supply of visual cortex and its clinical significance has been discussed as well.

关 键 词：血管 视皮质 脑 

分 类 号：R322.85[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]