学前儿童的血铅水平及其对生长发育的影响  

THE BLOOD LEAD LEVEL AND IT'S EFFECT ON PHYSICAL GROWTH AND INTELLIGENT DEVELOPMENT IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

作　　者：沈晓明[1] 郭迪[1] 许积德[1] 周建德[1] 陶素蝶[2] 汪梅先[2] 楼惠琴 

机构地区：[1]上海市儿科医学研究所,200092 [2]上海第二医科大学新华医院,200092

出　　处：《中华儿童保健杂志》1993年第1期27-31,共5页

摘　　要：在严格质量控制下对上海市某工业区内273名学前儿童进行血铅水平调查,发现血铅在0.24～3.2lμmol/L,均值1.05μmo/L,血铅过高(≥1.2μmol/L)者占30.8％,明显高于国外同类地区水平。研究还发现,血铅过高者体重和身高(长)的离均差值明显低于相对低铅儿童,智能发育方面亦明显落后。上述结果表明:①在现阶段,特别是在工业化城市中,儿童血铅过高已成为十分普遍的问题;②此过高的血铅已经对儿童体格生长和智能发育产生明显的不利影响。因此,环境铅污染对儿童健康的危害亟需引起儿科医学界的重视。273 preschool children from a industrial zone in Shanghai were investigated for the level of blood lead with strict internal quality control in laboratory. The mean blood lead level of 273 children was 1.05μmol / L (SD = 0.52 μmol / L) and the prevalence ofincreased lead burden by U.S. CDC criteria was 30.7%. The children with higher blood lead level had lower weight for age and height for age (P < 0.01) .In the children younger than 30 months, the differences of MDI and PDI in Bayley Scale of Infant Development between high and low lead group were not significant statistically, although the children with higher blood lead level tended to have lower scores. In the children beyond 46 months, children with high lead levels scored significantly lower on general IQ, performance IQ and verbal IQ in WPPSI scale than those with low lead levels . The mean differences in three IQ indices between high and low lead group were 15.14 and 13, respectively. In conclusion , the results of present study indicated that excessive lead exposure of children is a comon problem in the area investigated, and such degree of exposure can have adverse effect on the physical growth and intelligent development of children. Such is the situation which merits more serious attention.

关 键 词：铅中毒 学龄前儿童 生长发育 

分 类 号：R725.952[医药卫生—儿科]