盐度对海蛰各发育阶段幼体的影响——兼论辽东湾海蜇资源锐减的原因  

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON LARVA OF EEDBLE MEDUSAE (RHOPILEMA ESCULENTA KISHINOUYE)AT DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT PHASES AND A REVIEW ON THE CAUSE OF JELLYFISH RESOURCES FALLING GREATLY IN LIAODONG BAY

作　　者：鲁男[1] 刘春洋[1] 郭平[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产研究所

出　　处：《生态学报》1989年第4期304-309,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

摘　　要：在室内控制条件下,盐度为2—31.42‰范围内,本文就盐度对海蜇(Rhopilema esculenta Kishinouye)浮浪幼虫、螅状幼体、碟状幼体和幼水母的生长、发育、变态及成活的影响进行实验研究,发现浮浪幼虫生存的盐度下限为12‰;螅状幼体生存的盐度下限为10‰;最适盐度范围为14—20‰;碟状幼体生存的盐度下限为8‰,最适盐度范围为14—20‰;幼水母生存的盐度下限为8‰。 作者根据近15年辽东湾北部主要河流的淡水注入量,海蜇产量及本实验数据,结合辽东湾曾出现过三次大减产现象分析,认为前一年夏、秋季海蜇生殖季节河流淡水注入量过多,使河口附近海蜇浮浪幼虫和螅状幼体的栖息水域盐度聚降,导致浮浪幼虫和螅状幼体毁灭性死亡,是造成海蜇资源锐减的主要原因。作者并提出采取人工培育螅状幼体,选择合适水域进行放流以补充海蜇资源,是海蜇渔业稳定和增产的主要途径。Under the lab conditions, the effect of salinity in 2 to 31.42‰ on planula,scy-phistoma, ephyra and little medusae (involved their growth, development and survival) was observed. It was found that lower limit of salinity was 12‰ for the survival of planula, 10‰ for the survival of scyphistoma with. the optimum salinity range of 14 to 20‰, 8‰ for the survival of ephyra with the optimum range of 14 to 20‰ and 8‰ for the survival of little medusae.In the past fifteen years, there had been three times of decreasing greatly of jellyfish in Liaodong Bay. Connecting with the pour of the main rivers into Liaodong Bay, output of jellyfish and the data from this study, it has been suggested that a large amount of freshwater from rivers flowed into sea in the last summer and autumn (as regenerating period) so that the salinity in estuaries where the planula and the scyphistoma were living dropped gre-stly and the planula and scyphistoma was subjected to a crushing decease. The main ways to keep jellyfish resources steadily and to increase production were artificially breeding larvae and selecting appropriate area to release them.

关 键 词：海蜇 幼体 盐度 

分 类 号：Q959.132.3[生物学—动物学]