一种新的生物瓣材料——Ⅷ牦牛心包的超微结构  

A New Tissue Heart Valve Materials Ⅷ Histological and Ultrastructural Features of Yak Pericardium

作　　者：沈会荣 万昌秀[1] 刘少华[1] 乐以伦[1] 王远萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都科技大学生物工程研究所 [2]华西医科大学

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》1989年第1期21-28,共8页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本文用光镜(包括偏光,干涉)和电镜(透射与扫描)对16头3～10岁健康牦牛心包的心前区进行了组织结构的表面和内部微细结构观察,并与经过生化处理过的牦牛心包相对比,用以了解在生化处理过程中牦牛心包超微结构的动态变化。同时还与黄牛心包(包括奶牛)进行了比较。结果表明: (1)牦牛心包由浆膜层、纤维层和心包外结缔组织层构成。其中浆膜层由间皮细胞和间皮下间隙(间皮细胞底部的细胞膜与基层之间)构成。浆膜层的表面覆盖着无数微绒毛和少量纤毛,微绒毛表面有一层糖衣。牦牛心包问皮细胞有一定的变形性,该层和纤维层之间缺乏半桥粒连接。 (2)牦牛心包经过Hanks液处理后,用光镜观察其组织结构无明显变化,但扫描电镜和透射电镜观察两者有明显差异。经过生化处理后:①牦牛心包的间皮细胞基本脱落,浆膜层表面有间皮细胞脱落后留下的残迹和一些无规的丝物状;年龄小的较年龄大的表面光滑,表面有纹路存在。②胶原纤维间的精细丝状物和糖蛋白颗粒基本丢失,胶原纤维变得松散,但胶原纤维和弹性朊纤维的组织结构仍正常;经戊二醛固定后,胶原纤维间的似纤维细胞因部分细胞膜的破裂而失去其整体性。③心包外结缔组织层在生化处理前后基本没有变化。 (3)牦牛心包与黄牛心包(包括奶牛)的比较:①两种心包组织结构相似,间皮?Histological and ultrastructural studies of normal anterior parietal pericardium from sixteen yaks (3-5 years old) showed that: (1) morphology of yak pericardium is prac tically the same as that of bovine pericardium elsewhere. It can be grossly. divided into three layers. a) The serosa, which consists of a surface layer of mesothelial cells and a narrow submesothelialspace; b) the fibrosa; and c) the epericardial connective tissue layer. The surface layer of mesothelial cells was covered with numerous miciov illi and single cilia; junctional complexes between adjacent mesothelial cells are mainly to reinforce intercellular. adhesion. Actin-like filaments can change cell shape and intermediate filaments support cytoplasmic structure. (2) With increasing age, the surface layer of mesothelial cells has less microvilli; the waving pattern in the fibrosa is most prominent around 5-6 years old. The epipericardial connective tissue layer becomes more rough. (3) After biomedical preparation of yak pericardium, most mesothelial cells were lost, small grooves on the surface layers formed, delicare filaments between microfibrils were also lost, bundles of collagen were more widely separated, parts of fibroblast were destoyed, but no changes took place on the epipericardial connective tissue layer.

关 键 词：生物瓣 超微结构 牦牛心包 

分 类 号：R318.11[医药卫生—生物医学工程]