家鸽、黄雀和黄喉鹀耳蜗核的定位与比较  

COMPARISON AND LOCALIZATION OF THE COCHLEAR NUCLEI COLUMBA LIVIA DOMESTICUS，CARDUELIS SPINUS AND EMBERIZA ELEGANS

作　　者：张信文[1] 蓝书成[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生物系,呼和浩特010022 [2]东北师范大学生物学系,长春130024

出　　处：《动物学报》1994年第1期51-57,共7页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(编号38970119)。

摘　　要：向非鸣禽家鸽（Ｃｏｌｕｍｂａ ｌｉｖｉａ ｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｕｓ）和鸣禽黄雀（Ｃａｒｄｕｅｌｉｓ ｓｐｉｎｕｓ）、黄喉鹀（Ｅｍｂｅｒｉｚａ， ｅｌｅｇａｎｓ）耳蜗内注射 ＨＲＰ作顺行追踪表明，耳蜗纤维组成第八脑神经的听支（ Ｎ Ⅷ）后，分别投射至延髓的角状核（ＮＡ）和巨细胞核（ＮＭ），由 ＮＡ及 ＮＭ两个亚核组成耳蜗核（ｎｕｃｌｅｕｓ ｃｏｃｈｌｅａ），它是听觉的上行通路中的第一级中继站，延髓层状核并不接受耳蜗纤维的直接投射。家鸽与黄雀、黄喉鹀之间的ＮＡ、ＮＭ及ＮⅧ在形态和分布上都有较明显的差别。Projections of cochlear nerve fibers to the cochlear nuclei were investigated in adult pigeon (Columba livia domesticus),Carduelis spinus and Emberiza elegans. methods used wereanterograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). After injection of HRP into the cochlea, anterogradely-labelled fibers were observed in the ipsilateral eighth nerve (N Ⅷ ), and the anterogradely-labelled terminals in both the ipsilateral nucleus augularis (NA) and nucleus magnocellularis (NM)of medulla oblogata. The Labelled terminals in the nucleus NA appeared denser than those in the nucleus NM. The results indicated that the N Ⅷ from cochlear neurons only projected to the ipsilateral NA and the NM,both of which constitute the cochlear nuclei,the first auditory relay station in the brain. The nucleus laminaris (NL) received no projections from the N Ⅷ. In addition, the NA received more projecting fibers from the N Ⅷ. than the NM. In pipeon,after the N Ⅷ entered the medial part of the NA. some of the N Ⅷ fibers terminated in the NA,and the rest in the NM. The lateral part of the NM kept close to the medial part of the NA tightly. The NA appeared fusiform,and the NM rectangular. In some of the transverse sections, the assembly of the N Ⅷ， the NA and the NM had the shape of the small letter“r”. In both Carduelis spinus and Emberiza elegans, the NⅧ entered the medulla oblongata with both lateral and medial branches divided,the lateral branch terminated in the NA and the medial one in the NM. In transeverse sections, the NA looked like a triangle. The NA and the N Ⅷ formed and inverted “U” in some transeverse sections. The NM was divided into three parts,the lateral and ventral parts were oval shape, and the medial part had the shape like the letter“0”. The NM and NA were the two separate cochlear nuclei. Above all, it is concluded that the N Ⅷ, the NA and NM in both non-songbird (pigeon)and songbirds(Carduelis spinus, Emberiza elegans)are different from each other in shapes.

关 键 词：家鸽 黄雀 黄喉WU 耳蜗 耳蜗核 

分 类 号：Q959.704[生物学—动物学]