贻贝(Mytilus edulis)核型及染色体带型分析  

THE KARYOTYPE AND BANDING-PATTERNS OF BLUE MUSSEL,MYTILUS EDULIS

作　　者：王琼[1,2] 童裳亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学生物系,青岛266003 [2]中国水产科学院黄海水产研究所

出　　处：《动物学报》1994年第3期309-316,共8页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

摘　　要：本文对贻贝染色体进行了核型分析，其结果为：２ｎ＝２８，１２ｍ＋１０ｓｍ＋６ｓｔ，ＮＦ＝５０，ＴＣＬ＝ １０３．９０μｍ，ＣＬ：２．７３５－４．７７４μｍ。第１、２、４、８、１１、１２对为中部着丝粒染色体（ｍ）；第６、９、１０、１３、１４对 为亚中部着丝粒染色体（ｓｍ）；第 ３、５、７对为亚端部着丝粒染色体（ｓｔ）。对贻贝染色体的Ｇ带、Ｃ带、银 染带进行了分析。银染结果表明，贻贝细胞中有四个银染核仁组织区（Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ），分布在第 ３、５对染 色体长臂末端。Karyotype, G- and C-banding patterns and Ag-NORs distribution feature of the chromosomes of blue mussel,Mytilus edulis, were studied. Chromosome preparation was made with 8-cell embryos,gonadal tissue of adult mussel and gill tissue of juvenile mussel. Karyotype calculated from chromosome lengths and arm ratios of ten cells was shown with: 2n=28, 12m + 10sm + 6st, NF = 50, TCL=103. 90μm, CL: 2. 735 - 4. 774μm. Chromosome Nos. 1, 2, 4, 8, 11, 12 are metacentric, Nos.6, 9, 10, 13, 14 are submetacentric, Nos, 3, 5, 7 are subtelocentric. The haploid number of 14 and diploid number of 28 confirm previous reports. But the karyotype is somewhat different from former results,which may be attributed to unproportional contraction of chromosome arms, structural rearrangement of chromosomes or differentiation of geographic subspecies, Variations of chromosome length, relative chromosome length and arm ratio were statistically analyzed and showed that variation of chromosome length among cells was conspicuous,which could be due to factors during preparation of chromosome samples. However,there was no difference among cells for relative chromosome length and arm ratio. None but one work with oyster,Crassostrea virginica, was reported before on banding- patterns in mitotic chromosomes of marine mollusc, This technique could be useful in research related to the cytogenetics and cytotaxonomy. The coincidence of distribution of Ag-NORs and positive C-banding was observed. The two pairs of NORs revealed by silver- staining were at the long arm's ends of the Nos, 3, 5 subtelocentric chromosomes, We also observed Ag-NORs polymorphisms in cells of blue mussel.

关 键 词：贻贝 染色体 染色体组型 带型 

分 类 号：Q959.212[生物学—动物学]