加速器氩离子在水稻育种中的应用  

APPLICATION OF ACCELERATED ARGON ION RADIATION IN RICE BREEDING

作　　者：邓红[1] 梅曼彤[1] 卢永根[1] 杨垂绪 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,加利福尼亚大学劳伦斯伯克莱研究所

出　　处：《核农学报》1994年第2期70-74,共5页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金

摘　　要：本研究用加速器氩离子辐照晚籼香占，期望改良其不利农艺性状。试验结果表明，以氩离子１００Ｇｙ辐照，均能诱发变异。从１００Ｇｙ辐照的Ｍ２和Ｍ３代中，获得３个综合性状较好的突变株系，经Ｍ５代品比及对主要性状的测定，小区产量比原种增加１４。３４％～１２１．５１％，变量分析达极显著水平。株高降低２５％～３９％，生育期缩短８～２５天，有效穗数明显增加，抗病性亦有所提高。另外，从１５０Ｇｙ辐照的后代中，也获得２个明显早熟和矮化的突变体。初步证实重离子辐照在水稻育种上具有应用价值。Dry seeds of rice″Xiangzhan″,a hsien(indica)variety,which has pleasant aroma butpoor yield and originated in Guangdong Province,were irradiated by argon ion beam withthe energy of 400MeV/u to improve its agronomic traits.Three mutant lines,Ar-X-1-1,Ar-X-1-2 and Ar-X-2 were selected from M1 or M2 generation plants developed from seeds expo-sured to the dose of 100 Gy,and their economic potential in the M5 generation was tested.The results showed that several traits of these lines were evidently improved when comparedwith the original variety.Plant height was reduced by 25%～39%,and growth period sbort-ened by 8～25 days.The effective panicle per plant was increased,and the resistance tO bac-terial leaf blight was improved. The grain yield per plot was increased by 14.34%～121.51%,which reached significant level in variance analysis,and the pleasant aroma wasalso retained,In addition,two mutants with traits of early maturity or semidwarf werefound from the progenies of seeds exposured to tbe 150Gy.The results suggest the potentialapplication of beavy ion radiation in rice breediug.

关 键 词：水稻 氩离子 育种 加速器 

分 类 号：S511.103.5[农业科学—作物学]