配组方式对两系亚种F_1籼粳分类特性及杂种优势的影响  

THE EFFECT OF CROSS PATTERNS ON CLASSIFICATION AND HETEROSI OF TWO LINE INTERSUBSPECIFIC HYBRID RICE

作　　者：许克农[1] 李泽炳[1] 李成荃[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农学系,安徽省农业科学院,安徽省农科院水稻所

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》1994年第3期226-233,共8页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

摘　　要：用１１个母本（７个光敏核不育材料，４个常规品种）和９个具有一定广亲和性的父本配制９９个组合（按ＮＣⅡ设计），根据“程氏指数法”和超父优势指数、竞争优势（以汕优６３为对照）研究了杂种的籼粳分类特性和１２个性状的优势表现。结果表明：籼／粳杂种为偏籼（６６．６７％）和籼（３３．３３％）型，粳／籼杂种为偏籼（９１．６７％）和偏粳（８．３３％）型，籼／偏粳杂种为籼（８０％）和偏籼（２０％），粳／偏粳杂种为粳（８３．３３％）和偏粳（１６．６７％），籼／籼、粳／粳杂种分别全数为籼和粳。籼／粳、粳／籼、籼／偏粳３类亚种间杂种在主要性状上具有竞争优势的频率和幅度分别为：株高１１．１１１％～１６．６６７％和０．６８％～３．６９％，播种至始穗历期４１．６６７％～１００．００％和３３．９１８％～９．８０１％，每穗总粒数１６．６６７％～７５．００％和８．７６５％～１２．９６５％，单株谷重１１．１１１％～２５．０００％和７．２３５％～１８．６９５％，糙米率７５．００％～９１．６６７％和１．５１１％～２．１３１％。籼／粳、粳／籼、籼／偏粳Ｆ_１杂种结实率均低于汕优６３（ＣＫ），且均表现出负向（极）显著差异的超父优势指数，籼／粳Ｆ_１杂种平?Ninty-nine cross combinations were obtained by crossing 7 photoperiod(9thermo)-sensitive genic male sterile lines and 4 coventional varieties with 9 male parents possessing wide compatibility according to NC Ⅱ design.The indica-japonica classification of F_1 hybrids and heterosis of 12 characters were investigated by Chen's index,exceeding male parent heterosis index(EMHI)and competitive heterosis(Shanyou 63 as check).The results indicated that there were 66.67%of indica-cline and 33.33%of indica in F_1 hybrids of indica/japonica,91.67%of indica-cline and 8.33%of japonicacline in japonica/indica,80%of indica and 20%of indica-cline in indica/japonica-cline,83.33% of japonica and 16.67% of japonica-cline in japonica/japonica-cline.ll of the F1 hybrids of indica/indica and japonica/japonica were indica and japonica,respectively.The frequency and range of competitive heterosis for main characters in 3 types of intersubspecific F_1 hybrids(indica/japonica, japoniea/indica.indica/japonica-cline)were 11.111%￣16.667% and 0.68%￣3.69% for plant height,41.667%￣100.00% and 33.918%￣9.801%for days to heading .16.667%￣75.000% and 8.765%￣12.965% for spikelets per panicle,11.111%￣25.000% and 7.235%￣18.695% for grain weight per plant,75.000%￣ 91.667% and 1.511%￣2.131% for brown rice ratio.Spilelet fertility of the 3 types of F1 hybrids was lower than that of Shanyou 63(CK),and showed negative signicance in EMHI at level of 5% or 1% spikelet fertility of F_1 hybrids of indica/japonica was only 54.995%. The implication of these results in two line intersubspecific hybrid rice breeding was discussed.

关 键 词：配组方式 籼粳分类 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S511.103.5[农业科学—作物学]