高原鼠兔Ochotona curzoniae自然寿命研究  

NATURAL LONGEVITY OF PLATEAU PIKA (OCHOTONA CURZONIAE)

作　　者：王学高[1] 戴克华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所

出　　处：《兽类学报》1989年第1期56-62,共7页Acta Theriologica Sinica

摘　　要：1984至1987年2月在青海湖黑马河地区,以耳标观察法对高原鼠兔Ochotona curzoniae的自然寿命进行了研究。其结果,高原鼠兔的生存曲线呈L型。最大寿命957天,平均寿命119.9天。1986年出生的幼体,第1胎雄鼠平均寿命108天,雌鼠106天,第2胎雄鼠为58天,雌鼠为66.3天;第3胎雄鼠为24.8天,雌鼠为15.4天。The natural longevity of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) was investigated as a part of a long-term study of the behavicral ecology of the population of plateau pika r.tar Qinghai Lake. During Juno 1984,April-July and October 1985 and 1986 all adults and juveniles totally 401 indiv. wer- marked.All the marked animals alive within and near the study area were investigated by the author.The main results are as follows: The mortality rate cf plateau pika varied throughout the age. And of the young stage (aged from the day of birth to 20 days) is low, whereas subadult stage (21-40 days mortality ra e is high, and of the adult stage (from the age of 40 days on) de-clines. Mortality rate increases in the old pikas aging over 540 days. The mortality rate varied throughout the season, being high in Summer. Another high rate of mortality occures at the beginning and the end of winter. The mean mortality rate (qx ) for all ages calculated from Table 1 is 0.154. The mean mortality rates of pikas from three different litters during the 1986 to February 1987 are as follows: Litter1 , of the male is 0.169, and that of the female is 0.172. Litter2, of the male 0.294, and of the female 0.261. Litter3, of the male 0.575, and of the female 0.786. The greatest longevity of marked population of plateau pika in field is 957 days. The mean 119.9 days. The mean longevities of pikas from the three litters during the 1986 to February 1987 are as follows: Litter1, of the male is 108 days, and of the female 106 days. Litter2, of the male 58 days, and cf the female 66.3 days. Litter3, of the male 24.8 days, and of the female 15.4 days. The survivor curve of plateau pika is L type.

关 键 词：高原鼠兔 生命表 自然寿命 鼠兔 

分 类 号：Q959.836[生物学—动物学]